Traditional agricultural landscapes and community conserved areas: an overview

Brown, Jessica; Kothari, Ashish

doi:10.1108/14777831111113347

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…; Brown et al. ), currently face shifts in agricultural practices and human inputs, varying from partial abandonment of some parcels, creating a landscape mosaic of unused and cropped areas (Bielsa et al. ), to total abandonment of agriculture (and pastoralism) and progressive transformation into uncultivated land (MacDonald et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating an unmanned aerial vehicle‐based approach for assessing habitat extent and condition in fine‐scale early successional mountain mosaics

Gonçalves

Henriques

Alves³

et al. 2015

Applied Vegetation Science

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Nomenclature Castroviejo (1986Castroviejo ( -2013 for published volumes, Franco (1984) and Franco & Afonso (1998) for other groups, except Agrostis (Romero Garc ıa et al. 1988) Abbreviations DSM = digital surface model; EU = European Union; GCP = ground control points; GPS = differential global positioning system; UAV = unmanned aerial vehicle; RF = random forest Abstract Question: Can very high-resolution colour orthophotography and digital surface models (DSMs) from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) be effectively used for assessment of habitat extent and condition in fine-scale disturbancedependent mosaics? Location: Serra de Arga mountain range, a Natura 2000 protected site in the NW region of Portugal where drastic changes in pastoral activities have occurred over recent decades.Methods: An UAV platform was used to collect very high-resolution (6 cm) images and to produce a DSM (10 cm). From these data, several features were extracted related to colour, band ratios, as well as texture features calculated from colour imagery and surface elevation. Based on a systematic sampling design, field data were collected for both training and validation of a supervised classifier. Extracted features and ground truth training data were combined to calibrate a pixel-based Random forest classifier, with the purpose of devising a habitat map for the entire study area. Map validation was performed to assess classification accuracy, and feature importance metrics were calculated.Results: Validation results revealed good mean overall accuracy (0.89), with some performance decrease in situations of high interspersion of habitat types. The priority habitat type 6230* (Nardus grasslands), defining the vegetation matrix of the test site, obtained 0.96 and 0.91, considering, respectively, producer and user accuracy. In turn, priority habitat type 4020* (Atlantic wet heathlands) recorded 0.68 and 0.77. The obtained habitat map allowed measurement of the extent, description of the spatial arrangement and provided an indication of the conservation condition of target habitat types. Test results regarding the discrimination ability of different features highlighted the importance of surface elevation textures derived from the DSM, followed by band ratios textures and other more complex texture features calculated from colour imagery.Conclusions: Overall, the developed methodology showed promising results for assessing the extent and condition of habitats of high conservation priority in fine-scale, dynamic vegetation mosaics. Future advances in the use of UAV platforms may play an important role in monitoring protected sites and fulfil legal reporting obligations of EU member states, while reducing the costs associated with intensive in-field assessments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating an unmanned aerial vehicle‐based approach for assessing habitat extent and condition in fine‐scale early successional mountain mosaics

Gonçalves

Henriques

Alves³

et al. 2015

Applied Vegetation Science

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“…Our case study also highlights the emerging importance of ICCAs (Berkes 2009;Borrini-Feyerabend et al 2010;Brown and Kothari 2011;Martin et al 2011) as a common property management option. The IUCN has defined them as "natural and modified ecosystems, including significant biodiversity, ecological services and cultural values, voluntarily conserved by indigenous peoples and local and mobile communities through customary laws or other effective means" (Borrini-Feyerabend et al 2004, p. xv).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Beyond harvests in the commons: multi-scale governance and turbulence in indigenous/community conserved areas in Oaxaca, Mexico

Bray¹,

Durán²,

Molina³

2012

Int J Commons

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Some important elements of common property theory include a focus on individual communities or user groups, local level adjudication of conflicts, local autonomy in rule making, physical harvests, and low levels of articulation with markets. We present a case study of multi-scale collective action around indigenous/community conserved areas (ICCAs) in Oaxaca, Mexico that suggests a modification of these components of common property theory. A multi-community ICCA in Oaxaca demonstrates the importance of inter-community collective action as key link in multi-scale governance, that conflicts are often negotiated in multiple arenas, that rules emerge at multiple scales, and that management for conservation and environmental services implies no physical harvests. Realizing economic gains from ICCAs for strict conservation may require something very different than traditional natural resource management. It requires intense engagement with extensive networks of government and civil society actors and new forms of community and intercommunity collection action, or multi-scale governance. Multi-scale governance is built on trust and social capital at multiple scales and also constitutes collective action at multiple scales. However, processes of multi-scale governance are also 152David Bray et al.necessarily "turbulent" with actors frequently having conflicting values and goals to be negotiated. We present an analytic history of the process of emergence of community and inter-community collective action around strict conservation and examples of internal and external turbulence. We argue that this case study and other literature requires an extensions of the constitutive elements of common property theory.

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“…Estos pueden verse como sistemas bioculturales cuya resiliencia depende de las prácticas comunitarias. Muchos también albergan importantes reservorios genéticos de los parientes silvestres de ganados y cultivos domesti-cados (Brown y Kothari, 2011;van Oudenhoven et al, 2011). En Oaxaca, México, 126 sitios de conservación comunitaria repartidos en 375.500 hectáreas incorporan sistemas agroforestales y agroecológicos, como milpas y plantaciones de café con sombrío, lo que convierte a estas áreas en importantes reservorios de vida silvestre y agrobiodiversidad.…”

Section: Agriculturaunclassified