Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products: Potential Approaches for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a rare, recurrent, and intractable inflammation obstruction of the stomach tract, usually accompanied by inflammation of cell proliferation and inflammation of the colon and carries a particular cause of inflammation. The clinical use of drugs in western countries affects IBD treatment, but various adverse effects and high prices limit their application. For these reasons, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is more advantageous in treating IBD. This paper reviews the mechanism and research status of TCM and natural products in IBD treatment by analyzing the relevant literature to provide a scientific and theoretical basis for IBD treatment.

Treatment Effects of Natural Products on Inflammatory Bowel Disease In Vivo and Their Mechanisms: Based on Animal Experiments

“…The altered permeability of intestinal mucosa is the primary manifestation of intestinal barrier dysfunction. The two main causes of intestinal barrier function damage are apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) and disruption of intercellular tight junctions (TJ) [ 304 ]. IEC is the barrier between the inner lumen and the external environment.…”

“…Selective osmotic closure between adjacent IECs occurs due to the presence of TJ, which, in turn, forms an intestinal barrier to protect intestinal tissues. The cytoplasmic protein ZO (Zonula Occludens Proteins) family, transmembrane proteins (Tricellulin, Nectin, Occludin and Claudins), and cytoskeletal structures together constitute TJ [ 304 ]. Disruption of TJ leads to disruption of the intestinal immune system and inflammation, which is closely related to the development of IBD [ 308 ].…”

Therapeutic Potential Evaluation of Silk Sericin Stabilized Fisetin to Ulcerative Colitis

“…Given the limitations associated with the long-term medication, drug resistance, and recurrence of ulcerative colitis, natural phytochemical compounds, such as flavonoids, terpenoids, and polyphenols, are emerging as promising candidates for preventative and supportive treatments for this disease. [5,6] These compounds are abundant in fruits and vegetables, display stable efficacy with minimal side effects, and possess multifaceted DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300277 anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunemodulatory, and anti-apoptotic properties that provide substantial nutritional value and health benefits to patients. [5,7,8] Notably, the dosage of natural phytochemical compounds can be flexibly adjusted according to the patients' symptoms, offering a highly personalized treatment approach.…”

Tieguanyin extracts ameliorated DSS-induced mouse colitis by suppressing inflammation and regulating intestinal microbiota

“…15 Various kinds of evidence have also proved that polyphenols including flavonoids, stilbenes, tannins and hydroxycinnamic acids are beneficial for restoring intestinal dysbiosis, by regulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathways, and reconstructing the intestinal barrier. 16 Organic acids such as gallic acid also ameliorated IBD symptoms in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)/trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS) induced mice by means of downregulating IL-6, IL-12, and IL-23, and upregulating the Nrf2 pathway. 17 Various foods and herbs that are rich in polyphenols and polysaccharides such as citrus fruits, 18 Embelia tsjeriam-cottam , 19 pomegranate 20 and Coriolus versicolor 21 have widely proved to possess IBD alleviating effects.…”