Traditional Fermentation Increases Goitrogenic Activity in Pearl Millet

Elnour, Abdelsalam; Liedén, S.-Å.; Bourdoux, Pierre; Eltom, Mohamed; Khalid, Sami A.; Hambræus, Leif

doi:10.1159/000012754

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Similar observation in the reduction of ash content was also reported by Ahmed et al (2009) who found that decortication reduced ash contents of two pearl millet cultivars. According to Elnour et al (1998), the use of the traditional decortication procedure in Western Sudan for preparation of pearl millet diet markedly decreased the ash contents and this could be attributed to the separation of mineral rich glumes and the removal of pericarp during the process. The lowest ash contents observed in millet grains treated with modern decortication method may be due to the complete removal of all the outer parts by the method.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of decortication methods on the chemical composition, antinutrients, Ca, P and Fe contents of two pearl millet cultivars during storage

Babiker

Abdelseed²,

Hassan³

et al. 2018

WJSTSD

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of modern and traditional decortication methods on the chemical composition, antinutrients, Ca, P and Fe contents during storage of two pearl millet cultivars (white and green) grown in Sudan. Design/methodology/approach The grains of each cultivar were either decorticated traditionally using traditional stone dehuller or by using modern dehuller. The chemical composition, antinutrients and Ca, P and Fe contents of the cultivars were evaluated during storage for six months. Findings The results showed that both methods of decortication (modern and traditional) employed significantly decreased ash, protein, oil and crude fiber contents but increased moisture and nitrogen free extract contents of the grains for both cultivars. Storage resulted in a slight and gradual decrease in the chemical composition of the treated and untreated grains of the cultivars. Modern decortication of the grains significantly (P=0.05) reduced tannin content in both cultivars compared to untreated and traditionally decorticated grains. Phytic acid content of the white cultivar was not affected by the method of decortication used but modern decortication reduced that of green cultivar. Decrease in tannin and phytic acid was observed as the storage continued in both treated and untreated cultivars. Decortication significantly (P=0.05) reduced the Ca, P and Fe contents in both cultivars grains. Lower P and Fe contents were found in modern decorticated grains compared to traditional decorticated ones. Storage of the cultivars resulted in gradual decrease in Ca, P and Fe contents. Research limitations/implications Processing methods such as decortication affect the quality attributes of pearl millet cultivars. The application of modern decortication method on pearl millet cultivars has better quality attributes than those treated with traditional decortication. Originality/value The study uses decortication methods (traditional and modern) to improve the quality attributes of pearl millet cultivars. Antinutrients such as tannin and phytic acid were observed to reduce the bioavailability of minerals like Fe. Decortication of the grains significantly reduced the level of such antinutrients and improved bioavailability of minerals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of decortication methods on the chemical composition, antinutrients, Ca, P and Fe contents of two pearl millet cultivars during storage

Babiker

Abdelseed²,

Hassan³

et al. 2018

WJSTSD

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“…Pearl millet is a staple food for many people in rural areas of Asia and Africa. Animal studies [ 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 ] and epidemiological evidence [ 123 , 125 , 126 ] suggested that pearl millet may contribute to the development of endemic goiter in areas where this nutrient is consumed. Sartelet et al, proposed that flavonoids present in fonio millet ( Digitaria exilis ) (apigenin and luteolin) also have an antithyroid effect [ 127 ].…”

Section: Environmental Factors That Influence Tsh and Thyroid Hormone Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Factors Affecting Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Thyroid Hormone Levels

Leko

Gunjača

Pleić

et al. 2021

IJMS

131

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Thyroid hormones are necessary for the normal functioning of physiological systems. Therefore, knowledge of any factor (whether genetic, environmental or intrinsic) that alters the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones is crucial. Genetic factors contribute up to 65% of interindividual variations in TSH and thyroid hormone levels, but many environmental factors can also affect thyroid function. This review discusses studies that have analyzed the impact of environmental factors on TSH and thyroid hormone levels in healthy adults. We included lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, diet and exercise) and pollutants (chemicals and heavy metals). Many inconsistencies in the results have been observed between studies, making it difficult to draw a general conclusion about how a particular environmental factor influences TSH and thyroid hormone levels. However, lifestyle factors that showed the clearest association with TSH and thyroid hormones were smoking, body mass index (BMI) and iodine (micronutrient taken from the diet). Smoking mainly led to a decrease in TSH levels and an increase in triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels, while BMI levels were positively correlated with TSH and free T3 levels. Excess iodine led to an increase in TSH levels and a decrease in thyroid hormone levels. Among the pollutants analyzed, most studies observed a decrease in thyroid hormone levels after exposure to perchlorate. Future studies should continue to analyze the impact of environmental factors on thyroid function as they could contribute to understanding the complex background of gene–environment interactions underlying the pathology of thyroid diseases.

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“…Thyroid dysfunction could be induced by various factors such as ionizing radiations [1], pollution [2][3][4] malnutrition [5], antithyroid drugs [6,7] dietary goitrigens [8], and iodine-deficiency [9]. Children born in iodine-deficient areas are at risk of neurological disorders and mental retardation because of the combined effects of maternal, foetal, and neonatal hypothyroxinemia [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thiocyanate effects on thyroid function of weaned mice

Ghorbel

Fetoui

Mahjoubi

et al. 2008

Comptes Rendus. Biologies

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The aim of this study was to determine the effects of thiocyanate on thyroid function in weaned mice. At this developmental period, induction and reversibility of thiocyanate effects have not yet been studied. In the present work, adult female mice were given thiocyanate [SCN − (1 g L −1 )] in their drinking water from the 15 th day of pregnancy until either the 25 th (group B) or the 15 th day (group C) after parturition. During five days after weaning, water and food consumptions of treated mice (group B) were 42.2 ± 1.2% and 56.4 ± 0.9%, respectively, less than those of the controls (group A). On the sacrifice day (the 25 th day after birth), body weight, thyroid iodine content and thyroid hormone levels (FT 4 and FT 3 ) decreased by 10.4 ± 3.0%, 40.6 ± 2.3%; 18.7 ± 2.3% and 18.1 ± 1.3%, respectively. Plasma TSH increased by 30.6 ± 1.7% along with the hypertrophy of thyroid glands (52.6 ± 3.1%). We have observed a hypertrophy of follicle cells and a decrease in colloid volume within histological slides. After SCN − withdrawal (group C), partial or total recovery were noted in all parameters studied. We concluded that hypothyroidism effects added to the weaning event affected greatly thyroid function and behaviour of mice; these would be largely reversed by withdrawing thiocyanate treatment for a period of ten days.

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Traditional Fermentation Increases Goitrogenic Activity in Pearl Millet

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of decortication methods on the chemical composition, antinutrients, Ca, P and Fe contents of two pearl millet cultivars during storage

Effect of decortication methods on the chemical composition, antinutrients, Ca, P and Fe contents of two pearl millet cultivars during storage

Environmental Factors Affecting Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Thyroid Hormone Levels

Thiocyanate effects on thyroid function of weaned mice

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