Traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, separation and analysis technologies of Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold: A comprehensive review

Fan, Linhong; Zhang, Chunyu; Ai, Li; Wang, Li; Li, Lin; Fan, Wenxiang; Li, Ruolan; He, Lin; Wu, Chunjie; Huang, Yong‐Liang

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2020.112942

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In general, Euonymus is traditionally used as a medicinal plant in many Asian countries. More than 230 chemical compounds have been identified and isolated from it, including sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, lignans, steroids, alkaloids, and other compounds 7 , 8 . Thus, Euonymus plant species have potential in the treatment of injury and inflammation 9 , 10 as well as diseases, including cancer, diabetes 11 , and hyperglycemia 12 , 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, Euonymus plant species have potential in the treatment of injury and inflammation 9 , 10 as well as diseases, including cancer, diabetes 11 , and hyperglycemia 12 , 13 . Due to the medicinal importance of E. alatus plants, many studies have tried to identify the chemical compounds corresponding to their pharmacological effects 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficient plant regeneration from embryogenic cell suspension cultures of Euonymus alatus

Woo

Jie

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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To establish an efficient plant regeneration system from cell suspension cultures of Euonymus alatus, embryogenic callus formation from immature embryos was investigated. The highest frequency of embryogenic callus formation reached 50% when the immature zygotic embryos were incubated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D). At higher concentrations of 2,4-D (over 2 mg/L), the frequency of embryogenic callus formation declined significantly. The total number of somatic embryos development was highest with the 3% (w/v) sucrose treatment, which was found to be the optimal concentration for somatic embryo formation. Activated charcoal (AC) and 6-benzyladenine (BA) significantly increased the frequency of plantlet conversion from somatic embryos, but gibberellic acid (GA3) had a negative effect on plantlet conversion and subsequent development from somatic embryos. Even though the cell suspension cultures were maintained for more than 1 year, cell aggregates from embryogenic cell suspension cultures were successfully converted into normal somatic embryos with two cotyledons. To our knowledge, this is the first successful report of a plant regeneration system of E. alatus via somatic embryogenesis. Thus, the embryogenic cell line and plant regeneration system established in this study can be applied to mass proliferation and production of pharmaceutical metabolite in E. alatus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient plant regeneration from embryogenic cell suspension cultures of Euonymus alatus

Woo

Jie

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Many chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from E. alatus, including sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, lignans, steroids, alkaloids and other compounds (Zhou et al 2009;Zhai et al 2016). Some studies have shown that the extracts and compounds from E. alatus have a wide pharmacological effects, including antidiabetes, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, liver protection and so on (Fan et al 2020). At present, there are reports on molecular studies of Celastraceae, but the related research of E. alatus is quite limited (Simmons et al 2001).…”

Section: Complete Mitochondrial Genome; Phylogenetic Tree; Euonymus Alatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The complete mitochondrial genome of Euonymus alatus (celastraceae, Euonymus L.)

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2021

Mitochondrial DNA Part B

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The complete mitochondrial genome of medicinal plant, Euonymus alatus , was sequenced for the first time. The genome sequence is 1,045,106 bp in length (GenBank accession number MW009108), with 44.98% GC contents. There are 72 genes in the genome, including 41 known protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and three ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs). The phylogenetic trees of 28 species are constructed using the maximum-likelihood method. The information will provide references for phylogenetic research.

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“…(Thunb. ), 59 in the form of sesquiterpenes, including sesquiterpene alkaloids, triterpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds, such as β-sitosterol, aromadendrin, and alatamine. 24 , 60 Many compounds have been isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort , 61 including ligustilide, tetramethyl pyrazine (TMP), and ferulic acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ShenmaYizhi Decoction Improves the Mitochondrial Structure in the Brain and Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment in VCI Rats via the AMPK/UCP2 Signaling Pathway

Sun¹,

Liu²,

Liu³

et al. 2021

NDT

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Background ShenmaYizhi decoction (SMYZD) is an effective prescription of traditional Chinese medicine used to treat vascular dementia (VD). Modern research methods have identified its active ingredients clearly as gastrodin, ferulic acid, ginsenosides, and β-sitosterol. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is a driving factor or risk factor for VD, which leads to the disturbance of mitochondrial structure and function. Purpose To observe whether SMYZD improves cognitive impairment by improving mitochondrial structure and function. Methods Forty adult rats with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) caused by the bilateral ligation of common carotid arteries were divided into four groups randomly, including the model group, donepezil group, and low-dose and high-dose SMYZD groups, with 10 rats in each group. Additionally, a sham group was established with 10 rats as the control group. The treatment groups were administered donepezil and two different dosages of SMYZD. The donepezil group was administered 0.45 mg/kg/d donepezil, and the SMYZ-L group was administered 2.97 g/kg/d SMYZ, which were equivalent to the clinical dosage. The SMYZ-H group was administered 11.88 g/kg/d SMYZ, which is 4 times higher than the clinically equivalent dosage. A sham-operated group was used as the control group and administered an equal volume of distilled water. The rats were treated by gavage for 8 consecutive weeks. Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed to evaluate the learning and memory ability. The mitochondria of brain tissue were extracted from brain for further test. Mitochondrial morphology and the signal path of AMPK/PPARα/PGC-1α/UCP2 in mitochondria were detected. Results With the SMYZD intervention, behavioral performance of rats and pathological changes of mitochondria of brain tissue were signiﬁcantly improved. In the serum, SOD, GSH-Px, and GSH activities were increased, and the MDA content was decreased. Moreover, the AMPK, PPARα, PGC-1α, UCP2, and ATP5A mRNA and protein expression levels were also reversed by SMYZD. Conclusion SMYZD may provide a potential therapeutic strategy via activating the AMPK/PPARα/PGC-1α/UCP2 signal pathway to improve mitochondrial structure and energy metabolism thereby alleviate vascular cognitive impairment.

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Traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, separation and analysis technologies of Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold: A comprehensive review

Cited by 23 publications

References 60 publications

Efficient plant regeneration from embryogenic cell suspension cultures of Euonymus alatus

Efficient plant regeneration from embryogenic cell suspension cultures of Euonymus alatus

The complete mitochondrial genome of Euonymus alatus (celastraceae, Euonymus L.)

ShenmaYizhi Decoction Improves the Mitochondrial Structure in the Brain and Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment in VCI Rats via the AMPK/UCP2 Signaling Pathway

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