Traffic Augmentation as a Means to Increase Trust in Automated Driving Systems

Wintersberger, Philipp; Sawitzky, Tamara von; Frison, Anna-Katharina; Riener, Andreas

doi:10.1145/3125571.3125600

Cited by 82 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…When asked about this oddity, the vast majority of them stated that they wanted to know "what the system thinks", "be kept up to date with the driving situation", and therefore being able to prepare should a dangerous circumstance arise. This is consistent with state of the art in trust research on highly automated vehicles [35]. Those who did not place warning windows, stated that they would only drive in a fully automated vehicle if it is completely safe and they can trust it completely, thereby rendering warnings needless.…”

Section: Trust In Automated Drivingsupporting

confidence: 76%

Augmented Reality Windshield Displays and Their Potential to Enhance User Experience in Automated Driving

Riegler

Wintersberger

Riener

et al. 2019

I-Com

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Increasing vehicle automation presents challenges as drivers of highly automated vehicles become more disengaged from the primary driving task. However, even with fully automated driving, there will still be activities that require interfaces for vehicle-passenger interactions. Windshield displays are a technology with a promising potential for automated driving, as they are able to provide large content areas supporting drivers in non-driving related activities. However, it is still unknown how potential drivers or passengers would use these displays. This work addresses user preferences for windshield displays in automated driving. Participants of a user study (N=63) were presented two levels of automation (conditional and full), and could freely choose preferred positions, content types, as well as size, transparency levels and importance levels of content windows using a simulated “ideal” windshield display. We visualized the results in form of heatmap data which show that user preferences differ with respect to the level of automation, age, gender, or environment aspects. These insights can help designers of interiors and in-vehicle applications to provide a rich user experience in highly automated vehicles.

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Section: Trust In Automated Drivingsupporting

confidence: 76%

Augmented Reality Windshield Displays and Their Potential to Enhance User Experience in Automated Driving

Riegler

Wintersberger

Riener

et al. 2019

I-Com

Self Cite

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“…Additionally, the current study may have benefited from the tracking of other physiological measures, such as heart rate variability (HRV). Although this did not significantly predict trust in prior publications (Wintersberger, von Sawitzky, Frison, & Riener, 2017), it will be explored in future experiments to specifically investigate HRV in the context of uncertainty communication.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Automation transparency: implications of uncertainty communication for human-automation interaction and interfaces

et al. 2019

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words)Operators of highly automated driving systems may exhibit behaviour characteristic for overtrust issues due to an insufficient awareness of automation fallibility. Consequently, situation awareness in critical situations is reduced and safe driving performance following emergency takeovers is impeded. A driving simulator study was used to assess the impact of dynamically communicating system uncertainties on monitoring, trust, workload, takeovers, and physiological responses. The uncertainty information was conveyed visually using a stylised heart beat combined with a numerical display and users were engaged in a visual search task.Multilevel analysis results suggest that uncertainty communication helps operators calibrate their trust and gain situation awareness prior to critical situations, resulting in safer takeovers.Additionally, eye tracking data indicate that operators can adjust their gaze behaviour in correspondence with the level of uncertainty. However, conveying uncertainties using a visual display significantly increases operator workload and impedes users in the execution of nondriving related tasks. Keywords: vehicle ergonomics; attitudes and behaviour; attention and vigilance; humancomputer-interaction; information displaysPractitioner summary (50 words): This paper illustrates how the communication of system uncertainty information helps operators calibrate their trust in automation and, consequently, gain situation awareness. Multilevel analysis results of a driving simulator study affirm the benefits for trust calibration and highlight that operators adjust their behaviour according to multiple uncertainty levels.

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“…In addition, head-up displays have become established that can inform passengers in the primary field of view about system status, emerging situations, and maneuvers without eyes off road (e.g., [8,19,[23][24][25]). Augmented reality head-up displays, as an extension of conventional head-up displays, have been used in automated driving because they visualize maneuvers, mark detected objects directly in the environment (e.g., [23,26,27]) and can support the driver in take-over situations (e.g., [28,29]). Due to their good peripheral perception, LED strips are particularly advantageous for communicating changes in the system status (transition between automation modes or to manual driving), and therefore are used, for example, in the windshield, to provide adequate mode and situation awareness (e.g., [8,21,[30][31][32]).…”

Section: Automation Hmi (Ahmi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

From HMI to HMIs: Towards an HMI Framework for Automated Driving

et al. 2020

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During automated driving, there is a need for interaction between the automated vehicle (AV) and the passengers inside the vehicle and between the AV and the surrounding road users outside of the car. For this purpose, different types of human machine interfaces (HMIs) are implemented. This paper introduces an HMI framework and describes the different HMI types and the factors influencing their selection and content. The relationship between these HMI types and their influencing factors is also presented in the framework. Moreover, the interrelations of the HMI types are analyzed. Furthermore, we describe how the framework can be used in academia and industry to coordinate research and development activities. With the help of the HMI framework, we identify research gaps in the field of HMI for automated driving to be explored in the future.

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Traffic Augmentation as a Means to Increase Trust in Automated Driving Systems

Cited by 82 publications

References 19 publications

Augmented Reality Windshield Displays and Their Potential to Enhance User Experience in Automated Driving

Augmented Reality Windshield Displays and Their Potential to Enhance User Experience in Automated Driving

Automation transparency: implications of uncertainty communication for human-automation interaction and interfaces

From HMI to HMIs: Towards an HMI Framework for Automated Driving

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