“…Earlier work has focused on (a) controlling release times of aircraft in the network (ground- holding) in a single airport setting (TERRAB and ODONI, 1991;ODONI, 1993, 1994), and in a multiple airport setting, in which delays propagate through the network (TERRAB and PAULOSE, 1993, VRANAS, BERTSIMAS, and ODONI 1994a, b, AN-DREATTA and TIDONA, 1994, BERTSIMAS and STOCK PATTERSON, 1998, ANDREATTA and BRUNETTA, 1998, BRUNETTA, GUASTALLA, and NAVAZIO 1996 controlling release times and speed adjustments of aircraft while airborne for a network of airports taking into account the capacitated airspace (Bertsimas and Stock Patterson, 1998;HELME, 1994;LINDSAY, BOYD, and BURLINGAME, 1993). For a discussion of the various contributions and a taxonomy of the various problems, see Bertsimas and Stock Patterson (1998) and Andreatta and Brunetta (1998).…”