Traffic management for drones flying in the city

Abstract

Air Traffic Management (ATM) is designed based on the notion of a pilot navigating an aircraft from within the aircraft. Increasing demand for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) usage and its safe integration into segregated/non-segregated airspace, on the other hand, have raised a question on the adoption of the current ATM for the UAS Traffic Management (UTM). The Procedures for Air Navigation Services-Air Traffic Management (PAN-ATM) and Procedures for Air Navigation Services -aircraft operations (PAN-OPS) rules are both developed for manned flight operations. Therefore, this work (i) defines the UTM system and describes its envisioned functionalities; (ii) performs an exploratory research to identify the distinctions between a manned and an unmanned flight operations and consequently the possible challenges to implement UTM with regard to the ATM; (iii) determines potential Communication, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS) technologies to support the UTM system; and proposes an architectural framework for UTM based on the findings. It is important to highlight that this work is developed based on the assumption that the UAS is remotely -piloted and operates in the class G airspace (500 feet and below) in urban areas where the UAS are exposed to various obstacles such as static objects: high-rise buildings, trees, lamp posts, over-ground rail tracks and dynamic objects: cranes.

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