Traffic pollution affects tree-ring width and isotopic composition of Pinus pinea

The effects of prescribed burning on Pinus halepensis Mill. as revealed by dendrochronological and isotopic analyses

“…The C, O and N stable isotope compositions were measured at the CIRCE Lab (Center for Isotopic Research on the Cultural and Environmental Heritage, Caserta, Italy) by continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry (Delta V plus Thermo electron corporation, Bremen Germany) using 0.06 mg of dry matter for 13 C measurements, 0.3 mg for 18 O determinations and 20 mg for d 15 N (Battipaglia et al, 2010b). The d 13 C series were corrected for the Suess Effect (decrease in d 13 C of atmospheric CO 2 since the beginning of industrialization) resulting from the emission of fossil carbon dioxide, which is depleted in 13 C (Francey et al, 1999;McCarroll and Loader, 2004).…”

Measurement of 14C Content in Leaves near a Cement Factory in Mount Lebanon

“…This caused a depletion in 14 C concentration in the atmosphere and other carbon reservoirs (Pawelczyk and Pazdur 2004;Rakowski et al 2013), a phenomenon known as the Suess effect. In this context, the 14 C method has been widely used during the last decades, in various applications such as archaeology (Olsen et al 2013), forensic studies (Marzaioli et al 2011), hydrology (Hoque and Burgess 2012;Nakata et al 2013), and geology, and has gained great interest in ecology and environmental studies (Battipaglia et al 2010;Rakowski et al 2013). …”

Reconstructing terrestrial nutrient cycling using stable nitrogen isotopes in wood

“…In response to point-source pollution, trees exhibited increased (Guerrieri et al 2009, Saurer et al 2004 or decreased (Guerrieri et al 2009, Leonelli et al 2012, Sun et al 2010 δ 15 N values, which were attributed to the previouslydiscussed differences δ 15 N signatures of emission sources (Guerrieri et al 2009, Leonelli et al 2012). In other cases, temporal trends in wood δ 15 N were unaltered by pollution (Battipaglia et al 2010, Jung et al 2013, though interannual variation in δ 15 N increased in some cases (Battipaglia et al 2010). In regions experiencing high NOx emissions from multiple sources, short-term fluctuations in tree ring δ 15 N correlated to climatic variables, while long-term trends reflected regional emissions from vehicles and coal plants (Doucet et al 2012, Savard et al 2009).…”

“…Historical reconstructions of pollution impacts using tree ring δ 15 N have been developed in China (Sun et al 2010), South Korea (Choi et al 2005, Kwak et al 2009, 2010, Luxembourg (Härdtle et al 2013), Switzerland (Saurer et al 2004, Guerrieri et al 2009), Italy (Guerrieri et al 2009, Battipaglia et al 2010, Guerrieri et al 2010, Leonelli et al 2012) and Canada (Bukata & Kyser 2007, Savard et al 2009, Doucet et al 2012, Jung et al 2013). Wood δ 15 N, δ 13 C, and calcium/aluminum ratios (Ca:Al) have been used to reconstruct acid precipitation, though the signal was regionally specific, precluding large-scale extrapolation (Kwak et al 2011, Kwak et al 2009, Sun et al 2010.…”