Traffic safety effects of new speed limits in Sweden

Vadeby, Anna; Forsman, Åsa

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2017.02.003

Cited by 56 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In addition, some scholars have suggested that the safety effect of average speed would vary with road types [23]. As for the impact of speed limit on crash risk, some studies have found that speed limit is positively correlated with crash frequency and severity [24], and high speed limit road sections are often associated with high crash risk. However, Gou et al mentioned that the crash frequency may be reduced due to better road facilities with high speed limit sections [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Crash Frequency for Urban Expressway considering Collision Types Using Real-Time Traffic Data

Zhang

et al. 2020

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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Current studies on traffic crash prediction mainly focus on the crash frequency and crash severity of freeways or arterials. However, collision type for urban expressway crash is rarely considered. Meanwhile, with the rapid development of urban expressway systems in China in recent years, traffic safety problems have attracted more attention. In addition, the traffic characteristics are considered to be a potentially important predictor of traffic accidents; however, their impact on crashes has been controversial. Therefore, a crash frequency predicting model for urban expressway considering collision types is proposed in this study. The loop detector traffic data and historical crash data were aggregated based on the similarities of the traffic conditions 5 minutes before crash occurrence, among which crashes were divided by collision type (rear-end collision and side-impact collision). The impact of traffic characteristics along with weather variables as well as their interactions on crash frequency was modelled by using negative binomial regression model. The results indicated that the influence of traffic and weather factors on two collision types shared similar trend, but different level. For rear-end collisions, crash frequency increased with lower average speed and high traffic volume under low speed limit. And when the speed limit is high, higher average speed coupled with larger volume increases the probability of crash. Higher average speed and traffic volume increase the probability of side-impact collisions, without being affected by the speed limit. The findings of the present study could help to determine efficient safety countermeasures aimed at improving the safety performance of urban expressway.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Crash Frequency for Urban Expressway considering Collision Types Using Real-Time Traffic Data

Zhang

et al. 2020

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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“…The limited road safety measures implemented on regional roads may have contributed to the increase of seriously injured car occupants found in this study. A study about road safety effects of speed revision in Sweden reports that the number of seriously injured road users was basically unchanged on rural roads [33]. Thus, the reduced speed limits may not have been effective enough to reduce the number of seriously injured car occupants on regional roads.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of seriously injured road users in a Swedish region, 2003–2014, from the perspective of a national road safety policy

2019

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BackgroundSince 1997 Sweden has a policy for road safety called Vision Zero. Given that Vision Zero is mainly used to reduce fatalities among car occupants, the question has been raised by the research community whether a Vision Zero approach promotes health for all road traffic users. The objective is to measure target fulfilment of the national road safety policy for a Swedish region by examining incidence of serious injury during 2003–2014 in rural and urban road spaces with or without implemented measures.MethodsData on seriously injured road users, defined as ISS > 8 (Injury Severity Score), were retrieved from STRADA (Swedish Traffic Accident Data Acquisition) together with data from NVDB (National Road Database). These data are used to describe where road users are seriously injured in relation to implemented national policy and using a conceptual model of a road space comprising roads, pavements and tracks for walking and cycling. Seriously injured road users in single and multiple crashes with and without vehicles are included. The development of the incidence is analysed for different road users and places in the road space.ResultsDespite implemented road safety measures in the region, the incidence of seriously injured road users per 100,000 inhabitants in rural areas increased from 7.8 in 2003 to 9.3 in 2014 but doubled in urban areas from 8.0 in to 16.3 respectively. In areas not transformed by Vision Zero, only 36% were injured in rural areas while 64% were injured in urban areas. In contrast, in transformed areas 61% of injuries occurred in rural areas, whereas 39% occurred in urban areas. While the incidence decreased for car occupants on transformed national roads in rural areas, the incidence of serious injuries increased among unprotected road users in urban areas, in particular on pavements and tracks for cycling and walking than on the roads where Vision Zero had been implemented.ConclusionThe reduction in the incidence for car occupants in the region may not be adequate to contribute to fulfilling the national target. More needs to be done, especially in the urban areas, where more active mobility is desired.

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“…Separately, the risk of accidents under different winter and rainy road conditions was also evaluated; demonstrating that the accident risk increased due to loss of stability and the formation of hydroplaning between the wheels and road surface [7]. Notably, vehicle speed was found to have a direct effect on the risk of collision, severity of injury, and the possibility of death as a result of that collision [8]. Alternatively, better speed control through stricter penalties brought a sharp drop in fatal road crashes and related injuries [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Fatal Road Traffic Crashes in Turkey

Suleiman¹,

Dahamsheh²,

Ergun³

2020

IJSSE

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In Turkey, thousands of people die in road traffic accidents and hundreds of thousands are injured every year. This study aims to quantify the fatal traffic accident problem in Turkey. Quantifying the scale of the problem will direct the attention of decision-makers and related authorities in Turkey to tackle the traffic accidents’ problem. To accomplish these objectives, accidents’ data from 2009 through 2019 were used. The characteristics of fatal traffic accidents were investigated and models were developed. The accuracy of the model’s performance was evaluated using Root Mean Square Error and the Coefficient of Determination. The results showed that about (9%) of total accidents have resulted in human casualties. The analysis revealed that mistakes of drivers and pedestrians caused 88% and 8% of the total accidents respectively. Drivers' mistakes included violations of the speed limit, right of way and maneuvering rules. The developed models showed a strong correlation between the numbers of injuries and vehicles’ km/year (R2 = 0.84). Finally, the number of casualties in the last two years, showed a decrease as a result of a drop in the mobility rate of heavy vehicles in addition to a slowdown in the growth rate of registered vehicles.

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Traffic safety effects of new speed limits in Sweden

Cited by 56 publications

References 4 publications

Predicting Crash Frequency for Urban Expressway considering Collision Types Using Real-Time Traffic Data

Predicting Crash Frequency for Urban Expressway considering Collision Types Using Real-Time Traffic Data

Incidence of seriously injured road users in a Swedish region, 2003–2014, from the perspective of a national road safety policy

Assessment of Fatal Road Traffic Crashes in Turkey

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