“…For example, different degrees of trail signal specificity could be influenced by intra-and interspecific competition, orientation and homing mechanisms, territorial recognition and advertisement (Holldobler & Carlin, 1987;Traniello & Robson, 1995). Initial studies on the topic showed a high specificity of trail pheromones (Wilson & Pavan, 1959;Wilson, 1962), but later investigations have clearly shown that this is not a general rule, since within a subfamily (or even within a genus) trail signals may vary widely in specificity (see Attygalle & Morgan, 1985;Holldobler & Wilson, 1990;Traniello & Robson, 1995).…”