Training Based on Electrical Stimulation Superimposed Onto Voluntary Contraction Would be Relevant Only as Part of Submaximal Contractions in Healthy Subjects

Paillard, Thierry

doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01428

Cited by 32 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The training impact of isolated NMES is inferior to active training with voluntary muscle contractions, [ 13 ] therefore, it is usually proposed to combine NMES with active exercises, [ 14 ] for example, such a combination is used in athletes. [ 15 ] This is not surprising, since NMES provides an additional activation of those muscle fibers that are not involved in the voluntary muscle contraction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation in early rehabilitation of patients with postoperative complications after cardiovascular surgery

Сумин¹,

Олейник²,

Безденежных³

et al. 2020

Medicine

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Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in early rehabilitation of patients with postoperative complications after cardiovascular surgery. Methods: 37 patients (25 men and 12 women) aged 45 to 70 years with postoperative complications after cardiovascular surgery were included in the study. Eighteen patients underwent NMES daily since postoperative day 3 until discharge in addition to standard rehabilitation program (NMES group), and 19 patients underwent standard rehabilitation program only (non-NMES group). The primary outcome was the knee extensors strength at discharge in NMES group and in control. Secondary outcomes were the handgrip strength, knee flexor strength, and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the quadriceps femoris in groups at discharge. Results: Baseline characteristics were not different between the groups. Knee extensors strength at discharge was significantly higher in the NMES group (28.1 [23.8; 36.2] kg on the right and 27.45 [22.3; 33.1] kg on the left) than in the non-NMES group (22.3 [20.1; 27.1] and 22.5 [20.1; 25.9] kg, respectively; P < .001). Handgrip strength, knee flexor strength, quadriceps CSA, and 6 minute walk distance at discharge in the groups had no significant difference. Conclusions: This pilot study shows a beneficial effect of NMES on muscle strength in patients with complications after cardiovascular surgery. The use of NMES showed no effect on strength of non-stimulated muscle, quadriceps CSA, and distance of 6-minute walk test at discharge. Further blind randomized controlled trials should be performed with emphasis on the effectiveness of NEMS in increasing muscle strength and structure in these patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation in early rehabilitation of patients with postoperative complications after cardiovascular surgery

Сумин¹,

Олейник²,

Безденежных³

et al. 2020

Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Moreover, EMS increases the activation levels at different muscle length and during different contraction modes, especially during eccentric work phases as Willoughby and Simpson (1998) hypothesized. According to Paillard (2018), EMS superimposed onto VCs in a submaximal task could result in greater muscle fibers recruitment than with voluntary stimulation alone. However, no greater gains of motor output could be generated in comparison with the present strength training regime (S) after the short-term training period, in particular for DJ ground contact time and CODS split time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This requires voluntary contractions to reduce co-activation of antagonistic muscles, in order to continue the required dynamic exercise (Wirtz et al, 2016). Most recent evidence suggests that EMS, superimposed onto VCs in a submaximal task, could result in greater muscle fibers recruitment than voluntary or electrical stimulation alone and would be likely to generate greater gains of motor output after a training period (Paillard, 2018). A low voluntary movement control exists at maximum stimulation intensities (Babault et al, 2007), and only submaximal contractions enable an efficient movement control with superimposed EMS (Bezerra et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Superimposed Whole-Body Electromyostimulation During Short-Term Strength Training on Physical Fitness in Physically Active Females: A Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2019

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The aim of this study was to compare the effects of short-term strength training with and without superimposed whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) on straight sprinting speed (SSS), change of direction speed (CODS), vertical and horizontal jumping, as well as on strength and power in physically active females. Twenty-two active female participants ( n = 22; mean ± SD: age: 20.5 ± 2.3 years; height: 171.9 ± 5.5 cm; body mass: 64.0 ± 8.2 kg; strength training experience 5.1 ± 3.6 years) were randomly assigned to two groups: strength training (S) or strength training with superimposed WB-EMS (S+E). Both groups trained twice a week over a period of 4 weeks and differed in the application of free weights or WB-EMS during four strength (e.g., split squats, glute-ham raises) and five sprinting and jumping exercises (e.g., side and box jumps, skippings). The WB-EMS impulse intensity was adjusted to 70% of individual maximal sustainable pain. SSS was tested via 30-m sprinting, CODS by a T-run, vertical and horizontal jumping using four different jump tests at pre-, post-, and retests. Maximal strength (F max ) and power (P max ) testing procedures were conducted on the Leg Press (LP), Leg Extension (LE), and Leg Curl (LC) machine. Significant time × group interaction effects revealed significant decreases of contact time of the Drop Jump and split time of CODS ( p ≤ 0.043; = 0.15–0.25) for S (≤ 11.6%) compared to S+E (≤ 5.7%). Significant time effects ( p < 0.024; = 0.17–0.57) were observed in both groups for SSS (S+E: ≤6.3%; S: ≤8.0%) and CODS (S+E: ≤1.8%; S: ≤2.0%) at retest, for jump test performances (S+E: ≤13.2%; S: ≤9.2%) as well as F max and P max for LE (S+E: ≤13.5%; S: ≤13.3%) and LC (S+E: ≤18.2%; S: ≤26.7%) at post- and retests. The findings of this study indicate comparable effects of short-term strength training with and without superimposed WB-EMS on physical fitness in physically active females. Therefore, WB-EMS training could serve as a reasonable but not superior alternative to classic training regimes in female exercisers.

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“…Interesting findings have been reported by delivering NMES while voluntarily performing movement exercises (NMES+), which was shown to improve motor performance in both healthy and pathological individuals to a greater extent than NMES only or voluntary exercise training alone (Paillard et al 2005;Wahl et al 2012Wahl et al , 2015Labanca et al 2018;Paillard 2018). Noteworthy, Labanca et al (2018) revealed that NMES+ applied over the muscle belly is effective to safely regaining quadriceps strength after knee surgery, particularly in injured individuals whose voluntary activation capacities are impaired or temporarily disrupted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of spinal excitability following neuromuscular electrical stimulation superimposed to voluntary contraction

et al. 2020

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Purpose Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) superimposed on voluntary muscle contraction has been recently shown as an innovative training modality within sport and rehabilitation, but its effects on the neuromuscular system are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate acute responses in spinal excitability, as measured by the Hoffmann (H) reflex, and in maximal voluntary contraction (MVIC) following NMES superimposed to voluntary isometric contractions (NMES + ISO) compared to passive NMES only and to voluntary isometric contractions only (ISO). Method Fifteen young adults were required to maintain an ankle plantar-flexor torque of 20% MVC for 20 repetitions during each experimental condition (NMES + ISO, NMES and ISO). Surface electromyography was used to record peak-to-peak H-reflex and motor waves following percutaneous stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve in the dominant limb. An isokinetic dynamometer was used to assess maximal voluntary contraction output of the ankle plantar flexor muscles. Results H-reflex amplitude was increased by 4.5% after the NMES + ISO condition (p < 0.05), while passive NMES and ISO conditions showed a decrease by 7.8% (p < 0.05) and no change in reflex responses, respectively. There was no change in amplitude of maximal motor wave and in MVIC torque during each experimental condition. Conclusion The reported facilitation of spinal excitability following NMES + ISO could be due to a combination of greater motor neuronal and corticospinal excitability, thus suggesting that NMES superimposed onto isometric voluntary contractions may provide a more effective neuromuscular stimulus and, hence, training modality compared to NMES alone.

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Training Based on Electrical Stimulation Superimposed Onto Voluntary Contraction Would be Relevant Only as Part of Submaximal Contractions in Healthy Subjects

Cited by 32 publications

References 32 publications

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation in early rehabilitation of patients with postoperative complications after cardiovascular surgery

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation in early rehabilitation of patients with postoperative complications after cardiovascular surgery

The Effects of Superimposed Whole-Body Electromyostimulation During Short-Term Strength Training on Physical Fitness in Physically Active Females: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Modulation of spinal excitability following neuromuscular electrical stimulation superimposed to voluntary contraction

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