Training in hypoxia: modulation of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in men

Bailey, Damian Miles; Davies, Bruce; Baker, Julien S.

doi:10.1097/00005768-200006000-00004

Cited by 99 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…also found improvements in fat free mass and body composition in patients with obesity [9]. Although body weight reduction was not seen in healthy subjects [8] at altitude, patients with obesity [7,9] and metabolic conditions [6] saw reductions in body weight without significant loss of fat free mass.…”

Section: Body-weight and Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Of those two studies, one study [6] had control subjects performing the same training protocol at normoxic conditions, and body weight was not found to be significantly reduced compared to the control group. Bailey et al, [8] also found that body weight was not reduced with supplementing hypoxic training with exercise, however, subjects noted an increase in lean body mass of 1.4 (±1.5 kg), which would account for the lack of reduction of body weight observed. Wiesner at al.…”

Section: Body-weight and Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Intermittent hypoxic training used in conjunction with moderate exercise three times a week [8] was sufficient to bring about significant increase in lean body mass, however, in order for body weight reductions to occur continuous exposure of at least one week at minimum of 1,700m of altitude [6,7] is required. Exercise intensities used in conjunction with hypoxic that brought about positive outcomes in body composition and bodyweight ranged from 55-85% heart rate max.…”

Section: Body-weight and Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypoxic training: Clinical benefits on cardiometabolic risk factors

Wee

Climstein

2015

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

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Section: Body-weight and Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Body-weight and Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Body-weight and Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypoxic training: Clinical benefits on cardiometabolic risk factors

Wee

Climstein

2015

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport

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“…Similarly, in obese subjects it is known that leptin is involved in regulating body weight and controlling energy resources [12,139] There is scientific evidence suggesting that a lower degradation of hypoxia inducible-factor alpha (HIF-1 factor ) caused by conditions of hypoxia, along with physical activity, can prove very effective and be part of major medical applications in the long-term [27]. After 6-week training in IH, there was a dramatic increase in mRNA concentrations of many genes, such as HIF-1 (+104%), glucose transporter-4 (+32%), phosphofructokinase (+32%), citrate synthase (+28%), carbonic anhydrase-3 (+74%) or monocarboxylate transporter-1 (+44%) [148].…”

Section: Intermittent Hypoxia and Exercise: Possible Applications In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of combining intermittent hypoxia and physical exercise in the treatment of obesity

Urdampilleta¹,

González‐Muniesa

Portillo³

et al. 2011

J Physiol Biochem

104

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SummaryObesity is an important public health problem worldwide and is a major risk factor for a number of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, adverse cardiovascular events and metabolic syndrome related features. Different treatments have been applied to tackle body fat accumulation and its associated clinical manifestations. Often, relevant weight loss is achieved during the first six months under different dietary treatments. From this point, a plateau is reached, and a gradual recovery of the lost weight may occur.Therefore, new research approaches are being investigated to assure weight maintenance.Pioneering investigations have reported that oxygen variations in organic systems may produce changes in body composition. Possible applications of intermittent hypoxia to promote health and in various pathophysiological states have been reported.The hypoxic stimulus in addition to diet and exercise can be an interesting approach to lose weight, by inducing higher basal noradrenalin levels and other metabolic changes whose mechanisms are still unclear. Indeed, hypoxic situations increase the diameter of arterioles, produce peripheral vasodilatation and decrease arterial blood pressure. Furthermore, hypoxic training increases the activity of glycolytic enzymes, enhancing the number of mitochondria and glucose transporter GLUT-4 levels as well as improving insulin sensitivity. Moreover, hypoxia increases blood serotonin, decreases leptin levels while appetite is suppressed. These observations allow considering the hypothesis that intermittent hypoxia induces fat loss and may ameliorate cardiovascular health, which might be of interest for the treatment of obesity. This new strategy may be useful and practical for clinical applications in obese patients.Key Words: obesity, body weight loss, intermittent hypoxia, treatment. 1. Obesity: Prevalence, causes and complicationsObesity is an important public health problem in most countries [63], which is characterized by an excess of body fat, when amounting values higher than 20% in men and 30% in adult women [20,66].The World Health Organization (2009) warns that there are over 400 million obese adults, and that the situation will worsen in the future.The main etiological factors causing excess body weight for height are assigned to overeating and low physical activity, which lead to a positive energy balance, and result in a body fat increase [91]. Furthermore, there are other causes such as the genetic component, the distribution of energy intake throughout the day, the dietary composition of macronutrients, sleep rest, endocrine disruptions or the individual ability to oxidize energy substrates [26,70,93]. Thus, obesity is a chronic multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction between genotype, environment and physical activity patterns [14,91,95].Obesity is considered one of the major risk factors in the onset of associated chronic diseases, such as hypercholesterolemia, type II diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disorders and metabolic syndrome features [1...

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“…owing in large part to the variations in study design and exercise regimes [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Moreover, 82 discrepancies within these human studies, including B-vitamin and subject training status, as 83 well as variations in mode, intensity, and duration of test exercises, limit the strength of their 84 conclusions [16,17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise prevents hyperhomocysteinemia in a dietary folate-restricted mouse model

Neuman¹,

Albright²,

Schalinske³

2013

Nutrition Research

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Hyperhomocysteinemia is a condition that results from altered methyl group metabolism and is associated with numerous pathological conditions. A number of nutritional and hormonal factors have been shown to influence circulating homocysteine concentrations; however, the impact of exercise on homocysteine and methyl group balance is not well understood. Our hypothesis was that exercise represents an effective means to prevent hyperhomocysteinemia in a folate-independent manner. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of exercise on homocysteine metabolism in a dietary folate-restricted mouse model characterized by moderate hyperhomocysteinemia. Female outbred mice (12 weeks old) were assigned to either a sedentary or free-access wheel exercise group. Following a 4-week acclimation period, half of the mice in each group were provided a folate-restricted diet for 7-weeks prior to euthanasia and tissue collection. As expected, folate-restricted sedentary mice exhibited a 2-fold increase in plasma total homocysteine concentrations; however, exercise completely prevented the increase in circulating homocysteine concentrations. Moreover, exercise reduced plasma homocysteine concentrations 36% within the group fed only the control diet. The prevention of hyperhomocysteinemia by exercise appears, at least in part, to be the result of increased folate-independent homocysteine remethylation owing to a 2-fold increase in renal betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the prevention of hyperhomocysteinemia by exercise in a dietary folate-restriction model. Future research will be directed at determining if exercise can have a positive impact on other nutritional, hormonal, and genetic models of hyperhomocysteinemia relevant to humans. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a condition that results from altered methyl group metabolism and is 30 associated with numerous pathological conditions. A number of nutritional and hormonal factors 31 have been shown to influence circulating homocysteine concentrations; however, the impact of 32 exercise on homocysteine and methyl group balance is not well understood. Our hypothesis was 33 that exercise represents an effective means to prevent hyperhomocysteinemia in a folate-34 independent manner. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of exercise on 35 homocysteine metabolism in a dietary folate-restricted mouse model characterized by moderate 36 hyperhomocysteinemia. Female outbred mice (12 wk old) were assigned to either a sedentary or 37 free-access wheel exercise group. Following a 4-wk acclimation period, half of the mice in each 38 group were provided a folate-restricted diet for 7-wk prior to euthanasia and tissue collection. As 39 expected, folate-restricted sedentary mice exhibited a 2-fold increase in plasma total 40 homocysteine concentrations; however, exercise completely prevented the increase in circulating 41 homocysteine concentrations. Moreover, exercise reduced plasma homocysteine c...

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Training in hypoxia: modulation of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in men

Cited by 99 publications

References 17 publications

Hypoxic training: Clinical benefits on cardiometabolic risk factors

Hypoxic training: Clinical benefits on cardiometabolic risk factors

Usefulness of combining intermittent hypoxia and physical exercise in the treatment of obesity

Exercise prevents hyperhomocysteinemia in a dietary folate-restricted mouse model

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