Trajectories of Marijuana Use in Youth Ages 15–25: Implications for Postsecondary Education Experiences

Homel, Jacqueline; Thompson, Kara; Leadbeater, Bonnie J.

doi:10.15288/jsad.2014.75.674

Cited by 60 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, early initiation of cannabis has been robustly linked to the use of other illicit drugs, as well as drug abuse and dependence (Agrawal et al, 2004;Grant et al, 2010;Lessem et al, 2006;Lynskey et al, 2003Lynskey et al, , 2006. Early cannabis use has also been linked to lower educational attainment (Homel et al, 2014;Verweij et al, 2013) and to a variety of mental health problems, including anxiety and depression (Lynskey et al, 2004;Scholes-Balog et al, 2013), and psychosis (Bagot et al, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Involvement and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: A Discordant Twin Approach

Few

Grant

Nelson

et al. 2016

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Objective: Cannabis use, particularly at an early age, has been linked to suicidal thoughts and behavior, but minimal work has examined the association between cannabis use and lifetime nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). The current study aims to characterize the overlap between lifetime and early cannabis use and NSSI and to examine genetic and environmental mechanisms of this association. Method: Adult male and female twins from the Australian Twin Registry (N = 9,583) were used to examine the odds of NSSI associated with lifetime cannabis use and early cannabis use (i.e., <17 years of age). These associations were also examined within monozygotic (MZ) twins discordant for cannabis use and MZ twins discordant for early cannabis use. Analyses were replicated in an independent sample of female twins (n = 3,787) accounting for the age at onset of cannabis use and NSSI. Conclusions:Results suggest that NSSI is associated with cannabis involvement via differing mechanisms. For lifetime cannabis use, the lack of association in discordant pairs suggests the role of shared genes and family environment. However, in addition to such shared familial influences, person-specific and putatively causal factors contribute to the relationship between early cannabis use and NSSI. Therefore, delaying the onset of cannabis use may reduce exposure to influences that exacerbate vulnerabilities to NSSI. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 77, 873-880, 2016)

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Involvement and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: A Discordant Twin Approach

Few

Grant

Nelson

et al. 2016

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On average, marijuana use increases in adolescence and decreases in young adulthood (14)(15)(16). However, chronic, increasing and declining patterns of use have been identified (14,15,17,18).…”

Section: Frequent Marijuana Use and Driving Risk Behaviours In Canadimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, chronic, increasing and declining patterns of use have been identified (14,15,17,18). There is also growing evidence that a minority of youth experience marijuana use disorders, characterized by tolerance and/or withdrawal symptoms in addition to clinically significant impairments in social relationships and failure to fulfil occupational, academic or home obligations (19).…”

Section: Frequent Marijuana Use and Driving Risk Behaviours In Canadimentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent marijuana use and driving risk behaviours in Canadian youth

Leadbeater

Ames

Sukhawathanakul

et al. 2017

Paediatrics &Amp; Child Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: A better understanding of the relations between patterns of marijuana use and driving risks in young adulthood is needed. Methods: Secondary analyses of self-report data from the Victoria Healthy Youth Survey. Youth (baseline ages 12 to 18; N=662; 52% females) were interviewed biannually (on six occasions) from 2003 to 2013 and classified as abstainers (i.e., used no marijuana in past 12 months), occasional users (i.e., used at most once per week), and frequent users (i.e., used more than once a week). Results: In the frequent user group, 80% of males and 75% of females reported 'being in a car driven by driver (including themselves) using marijuana or other drugs in the last 30 days', 64% of males and 33% of females reported that they were 'intoxicated' with marijuana while operating a vehicle and 50% of males and 42% of females reported being in a car driven by a driver using alcohol. In addition, 28% of occasional users and also a small proportion of abstainers reported 'being in a car driven by a driver using marijuana or other drugs in the last 30 days' . Interpretation: The high frequency of driving risk behaviours, particularly for frequent users, suggest that plans for legalization of recreational use should anticipate the costs of preventive education efforts that present an accurate picture of potential risks for driving. Youth also need to understand risks for dependence, and screening for and treatment of marijuana use disorders is needed.

show abstract

“…Their early and persistent use may have precipitated their delayed enrollment in the first place. Therefore, differences in marijuana use across enrollment groups possibly reflect individual characteristics of the delay entrants that predict both marijuana use and timing of enrollment in PSE (i.e., high school grades) (Hango, 2011;Homel et al, 2014). Alternatively, differences in marijuana use among these groups could also reflect differences in contextual factors.…”

Section: Do Patterns Of Substance Use Differ Across Enrollment Groups?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Delayed entrants may not experience increases in substance use after enrollment because the subjective meaning of both substance use and PSE differs for these students compared with those who enroll directly out of high school. For substance use, the average trajectory of alcohol and marijuana use escalates in adolescence, peaks in the early 20s, and then begins to decline (Chassin et al, 2013;Homel et al, 2014;Maggs & Schulenberg, 2005;Thompson et al, 2014). Moreover, social and recreational motives for substance use (i.e., to have a good time with friends) decrease between ages 18 and 29 years .…”

Section: Substance Use and The Timing Of Developmental Transitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Higher Education to Substance Use Trajectories: Variations as a Function of Timing of Enrollment

Thompson¹,

Homel²,

Leadbeater³

2015

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective-This study examined the association between time to enrollment into postsecondary education and trajectories of heavy episodic drinking (HED) and marijuana use using a prospective longitudinal study.Method-Participants included 391 postsecondary students (55% female) drawn from the Victoria Healthy Youth Survey, a five-wave, multi-cohort sample interviewed biennially between 2003 and 2011. Using piecewise latent growth modeling, we compared changes in the trajectories of HED and marijuana use before and after postsecondary enrollment across three groups of young adults: (a) direct entrants (enrolled directly out of high school), (b) gap entrants (took a year off), and (c) delayed entrants (took longer than a year off).Results-Heavy drinking increased after enrollment for direct entrants and gap entrants and decreased for delayed entrants. Marijuana use increased after enrollment for direct entrants, and decreased for gap entrants and delayed entrants. Yet, overall levels of marijuana use were significantly higher among the gap and delay entrants over time compared with direct entrants. Group differences in heavy drinking appeared to reflect age-related changes in drinking patterns. However, differences in marijuana use may reflect pre-existing inequities in access to higher education across groups.Conclusions-The association between postsecondary education and increased substance use may be limited to students who enroll at a postsecondary institution directly out of high school. However, students who delay enrollment have higher levels of substance use before enrollment, as well as lower high school grades and socioeconomic status compared with direct entrants, and may be particularly vulnerable to long-term substance use problems and degree noncompletion.Considerable research has shown that going to college is associated with significant increases in alcohol and marijuana use during the emerging adult years (Bachman et al., 2002;Carter et al., 2010;Fleming et al., 2012;. However, increased substance use is not uniform across all postsecondary students; rather, CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscriptheterogeneity in contexts such as living situation, type of postsecondary institution, and parttime versus full-time status moderate this association (Carter et al., 2010). We argue that student differences in the time of entry into postsecondary education (PSE) may also affect the association between postsecondary enrollment and increased substance use. The purpose of the current study was to examine whether the expected increases in heavy drinking and marijuana use after enrollment in postsecondary institutions are consistent across students who vary in the time taken to enroll in PSE after high school graduation. Timing of postsecondary educationAt the population level, the timing of the transition to PSE is well defined because it is contingent on the completion of high school and is often a prerequisite for entrance into professional careers. Time to enrollment in...

show abstract

Trajectories of Marijuana Use in Youth Ages 15–25: Implications for Postsecondary Education Experiences

Cited by 60 publications

References 40 publications

Cannabis Involvement and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: A Discordant Twin Approach

Cannabis Involvement and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: A Discordant Twin Approach

Frequent marijuana use and driving risk behaviours in Canadian youth

The Relationship of Higher Education to Substance Use Trajectories: Variations as a Function of Timing of Enrollment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About