Trans Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease

Mozaffarian, Dariush; Katan, Martijn B.; Ascherio, Alberto; Stampfer, Meir J.; Willett, Walter C.

doi:10.1056/nejmra054035

Cited by 1,443 publications

(868 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Further studies are thus needed to test whether these isomers can alter cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism similar to TFA. In the case of TFA, the decrease in plasma HDL cholesterol and increase in LDL cholesterol were attributed, respectively, to an increased lipoprotein apoA‐1 catabolism and a decreased LDL apoB‐100 catabolism (Mozaffarian et al, 2006) and an increase in CETP activity (van Tol et al, 1995). More work is required to state whether either of these pathways contributed to the increase in VLDL + LDL cholesterol and decrease in HDL cholesterol noted with CFAM consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver and plasma lipid changes induced by cyclic fatty acid monomers from heated vegetable oil in the rat

Mboma

Leblanc

Wan

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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Cyclic fatty acid monomers (CFAM) generated through domestic or industrial heating of vegetable oils may alter liver enzymes and induce hepatomegaly and steatosis, but the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. This study aimed to assess the effects of CFAM on liver and plasma lipids and to determine whether these effects are modulated by dietary lipids. Thirty‐six (36) male Wistar rats were fed either of the four isoenergetic diets consisting of canola oil or soybean oil with/without 500 mg/100 g CFAM of total fat for 28 days. Rats fed CFAM had higher liver total lipids (p = 0.03) and triacylglycerols (TAG) (p = 0.02), but less hepatic phosphatidylcholine (p = 0.02) compared to those fed the non‐CFAM diets. CFAM did not alter liver phosphatidylethanolamine N‐methyltransferase (PEMT) activity and CTP: phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CT‐α) protein levels. Rats fed CFAM diets had higher levels of plasma total cholesterol (TC), VLDL + LDL cholesterol, higher ratio of TC to HDL cholesterol, and lower levels of HDL cholesterol compared with rats fed non‐CFAM diets (p < 0.05). Plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) was decreased with CFAM, but plasma insulin, glucose, and TAG did not vary among the four diet groups (p < 0.05). Rats fed canola oil and CFAM had higher plasma levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) and AST/ALT ratio compared with the other three diet groups. These results indicate that CFAM may provoke an accumulation of TAG in the liver related to a decrease in phosphatidylcholine (PC) levels, but the effect of CFAM on PC concentrations may not occur through impairment of the two main PC biosynthesis pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver and plasma lipid changes induced by cyclic fatty acid monomers from heated vegetable oil in the rat

Mboma

Leblanc

Wan

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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“…These semisolid fats are then used in margarines, commercial cooking, and manufacturing processes in the food industry (Mozaffarian, Katan, Ascherio, Stampfer, & Willett, 2006). For use in food applications, partially hydrogenated oils are attractive because of their lengthy shelf life, stability under harsh conditions such as deep-frying, and their semisolidity, which can be utilized to heighten the palatability of baked goods and sweets (Mozaffarian et al, 2006).…”

Section: Trans Fatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that the consumption of industrial produced trans fatty acids increases the LDL to HDL ratio of total cholesterol in the blood, and therefore raising the risk of coronary heart disease (Mozaffarian et al, 2006). In fact as of January 2006, the FDA changed the Nutrition Facts panel regulations stating that products containing trans fat must be labeled to include the amount of trans fat content (FDA, 2006).…”

Section: Trans Fatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of co-crystallized free phytosterols with triacylglycerols as a functional food ingredient

Acevedo

Franchetti

2016

Food Research International

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“…CHD causes around 10,200 deaths in the Netherlands [2] and approximately 73,000 deaths in the UK annually, making it the largest cause of mortality [3]. In addition, for every 2% total energy gained from TFAs there is a corresponding 23% increase in CHD incidence [4]. Industrial trans fatty acids (iTFA) are artificially produced in processed foods by hydrogenating vegetable or fish oils [5] and are associated with CHD mortality and total CHD [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploration of socio-economic and food characteristics of high trans fatty acid consumers in the Dutch and UK national surveys after voluntary product reformulation

Rippin

Hutchinson

Ocké

et al. 2017

Food & Nutrition Research

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Trans fatty acids (TFA) increase the risk of mortality and chronic diseases. TFA intakes have fallen since reformulation, but may still be high in certain, vulnerable, groups. This paper investigates socio-economic and food consumption characteristics of high TFA consumers after voluntary reformulation in the Netherlands and UK. Post-reformulation data of adults aged 19–64 was analysed in two national surveys: the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey (DNFCS) collected 2007–2010 using 2*24hr recalls (N = 1933) and the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) years 3&4 collected 2010/11 and 2011/12 using 4-day food diaries (N = 848). The socio-economic and food consumption characteristics of the top 10% and remaining 90% TFA consumers were compared. Means of continuous data were compared using t-tests and categorical data means using chi-squared tests. Multivariate logistic regression models indicated which socio-demographic variables were associated with high TFA consumption. In the Dutch analyses, women and those born outside the Netherlands were more likely to be top 10% TFA consumers than men and Dutch-born. In the UK unadjusted analyses there was no significant trend in socio-economic characteristics between high and lower TFA consumers, but there were regional differences in the multivariate logistic regression analyses. In the Netherlands, high TFA consumers were more likely to be consumers of cakes, buns & pastries; cream; and fried potato than the remaining 90%. Whereas in the UK, high TFA consumers were more likely to be consumers of lamb; cheese; and dairy desserts and lower crisps and savoury snack consumers. Some socio-demographic differences between high and lower TFA consumers were evident post-reformulation. High TFA consumers in the Dutch 2007–10 survey appeared more likely to obtain TFA from artificial sources than those in the UK survey. Further analyses using more up-to-date food composition databases may be needed.

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Trans Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 1,443 publications

References 66 publications

Liver and plasma lipid changes induced by cyclic fatty acid monomers from heated vegetable oil in the rat

Liver and plasma lipid changes induced by cyclic fatty acid monomers from heated vegetable oil in the rat

Analysis of co-crystallized free phytosterols with triacylglycerols as a functional food ingredient

An exploration of socio-economic and food characteristics of high trans fatty acid consumers in the Dutch and UK national surveys after voluntary product reformulation

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