“…Q1.2: Regarding the pricing of non-life products, the problems focus on model simplification through feature selection, data cleaning, and the extraction of outliers, along with techniques to improve prediction capacity, such as RNN and SHAP [25,26], isotonic recalibration [27], tree-based ensemble [28], Hierarchical Risk-factors Adaptive Top-down (PHiRAT) [29], logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, XGBoost, feed-forward network [30], transaction models for in life IBNR, inconclusive [31], integration of graphic themes [32], and extreme event estimation [33]. Moreover, currently, more efficient prediction models have been developed with techniques such as extreme gradient boosting or XGBoost [34], Bayesian CART models [35], boosting [36], and deep neural networks [36][37][38], among others.…”