Transboundary Wildlife Conservation in A Changing Climate: Adaptation of the Bonn Convention on Migratory Species and Its Daughter Instruments to Climate Change

Trouwborst, Arie

doi:10.3390/d4030258

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Furthermore, at the most recent COP in 2014, CMS parties formally established that 'Panthera leo … and all its evolutionarily significant constituents, including Panthera leo persica, satisfy the Convention's definition of ''migratory species''', and called for an Appendix II listing proposal for the lion to be prepared for the next COP (COP Resolution 11.32). It thus appears that the CMS has evolved into an instrument focussing on the conservation of transboundary rather than purely migratory wildlife (Bowman et al 2010;Trouwborst 2012), and its relevance for large carnivore conservation looks set to increase. Cheetahs and snow leopards are listed in Appendix I, and a significant number of both species' range states are CMS parties.…”

Section: Convention On Migratory Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global large carnivore conservation and international law

Trouwborst

2015

Biodivers Conserv

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International cooperation, including through international legal instruments, appears important for the conservation of large carnivores worldwide. This is due to, inter alia, the worrying conservation status and population trends of many large carnivore species; the importance of large carnivores for biodiversity conservation at large; their occurrence at low densities, with many populations extending across various countries; and the international nature of particular threats. For the 31 heaviest species in the order Carnivora, this study (i) documents to what extent existing international legal instruments contribute to large carnivore conservation, and (ii) identifies ways of optimizing their contribution in this regard. From this dual perspective, it reviews all global wildlife conservation treaties-Ramsar Wetlands Convention, World Heritage Convention, Convention on Trade in Endangered Species, Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)-and selected regional instruments, using standard international law research methodology. Results indicate that a substantial body of relevant international law already exists, whereas simultaneously there is clear potential for enhancing the contribution of international law to large carnivore conservation. Avenues for pursuing this include promotion of instruments' effective implementation; clarification of their precise implications for large carnivore conservation; development of formal guidance; expansion of instruments' scope in terms of species, sites and countries; and creation of new instruments. The CMS and CBD hold particular potential in some of these respects. The experiences being gained under European legal instruments constitute an interesting 'laboratory' regarding human coexistence with expanding large carnivore populations and transboundary cooperation at the (sub)population level.

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Section: Convention On Migratory Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global large carnivore conservation and international law

Trouwborst

2015

Biodivers Conserv

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“…Therefore PAs are not only important to reduce the direct anthropic pressures (Godet & Devictor 2018) but also are associated with reduced climatic debt. Such conservation benefit was expected by international conservation policies (Trouwborst 2009(Trouwborst , 2011(Trouwborst , 2012, which use PAs and species protection status as the main conservation measures to buffer the negative impacts of climate change, in order to reduce ecosystem pressures and promote species adaptation to climate change (Trouwborst 2011(Trouwborst , 2012.…”

Section: Community Adjusts Faster To Climate Warming Inside Protected Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-breeding waterbirds benefit from protected areas when adjusting their distribution to climate warming

Gaget

Pavón‐Jordán²,

Johnston

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Climate warming is driving changes in species distributions, although many species show a so-called climatic debt, where their range shifts lag behind the fast shift in temperature isoclines. Protected areas (PAs) may impact the rate of distribution changes both positively and negatively. At the cold edges of species distributions, PAs can facilitate species distribution changes by increasing the colonization required for distribution change. At the warm edges, PAs can mitigate the loss of species, by reducing the local extinction of vulnerable species. To assess the importance of PAs to affect species distribution change, we evaluated the changes in a non-breeding waterbird community as a response to temperature increase and PA status, using changes of species occurrence in the Western-Palearctic over 25 years (97 species, 7,071 sites, 39 countries, 1993– 2017). We used a community temperature index (CTI) framework based on species thermal affinities to investigate the species turn-over induced by temperature increase. In addition, we measured whether the thermal community adjustment was led by cold-dwelling species extinction and/or warm-dwelling species colonization, by modelling the change in standard deviation of the CTI (CTIsd). Using linear mixed-effects models, we investigated whether communities within PAs had lower climatic debt and different patterns of community change regarding the local PA surface. Thanks to the combined use of the CTI and CTIsd, we found that communities inside PAs had more species, higher colonization, lower extinction and the climatic debt was 16% lower than outside PAs. The results suggest the importance of PAs to facilitate warm-dwelling species colonization and attenuate cold-dwelling species extinction. The community adjustment was however not sufficiently fast to keep pace with the strong temperature increase in central and northeastern Western-Palearctic regions. Our study underlines the potential of the combined CTI and CTIsd metrics to understand the colonization-extinction patterns driven by climate warming.

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“…This definition allows the Convention to attach different legal commitments to different populations of the same species, and only encompasses wild animals, thus failing to regulate parties' activities in respect of animals bred in captivity. Further, the CMS COP has taken a remarkably flexible approach in interpreting the definition, having accepted that taxa which periodically traverse (or have historically traversed) national borders are 'migratory species', even if the reason for these movements is simply that their ranges are transboundary (Trouwborst 2012). The lion is a case in point.…”

Section: Convention On Migratory Species (Cms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

International law and lions (Panthera leo): understanding and improving the contribution of wildlife treaties to the conservation and sustainable use of an iconic carnivore

Trouwborst¹,

Lewis²,

Burnham³

et al. 2017

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The lion (Panthera leo) is featuring ever more prominently on the agendas of international wildlife treaties like the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) and the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS). Lion range and numbers have declined markedly over the last two decades. In this review we assess the present role of international wildlife treaties with a view to improving their combined contribution to the conservation and sustainable use of lions. Our analysis identifies a substantial body of relevant international wildlife law and, moreover, a significant potential for enhancing the contribution to lion conservation of these global and regional treaties. The time is right to invest in such improvements, and our review renders a range of general and treaty-specific recommendations for doing so, including making full use of the Ramsar Wetlands Convention, World Heritage Convention and transboundary conservation area (TFCA) treaties for lion conservation. The CMS holds particular potential in this regard and our analysis provides strong support for listing the lion in its Appendices.

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Transboundary Wildlife Conservation in A Changing Climate: Adaptation of the Bonn Convention on Migratory Species and Its Daughter Instruments to Climate Change

Cited by 25 publications

References 21 publications

Global large carnivore conservation and international law

Global large carnivore conservation and international law

Non-breeding waterbirds benefit from protected areas when adjusting their distribution to climate warming

International law and lions (Panthera leo): understanding and improving the contribution of wildlife treaties to the conservation and sustainable use of an iconic carnivore

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