Transcranial direct current stimulation: a new treatment for depression?

Nitsche, M. A.

doi:10.1034/j.1399-5618.4.s1.43.x

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Transcranial electric stimulation (tES) is a method that has attracted significant attention because it can modulate human brain activity [1,2]. Indeed the application of tES is thought to induce neuromodulation, as shown by improvements in behavioral and cognitive performance in normal and pathological subjects [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Timing in the Induction of Neuromodulation in Perceptual Learning by Transcranial Electric Stimulation

2013

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a b s t r a c tBackground: Transcranial electric stimulation (tES) protocols are able to induce neuromodulation, offering important insights to focus and constrain theories of the relationship between brain and behavior. Previous studies have shown that different types of tES (i.e., direct current stimulation e tDCS, and random noise stimulation e tRNS) induce different facilitatory behavioral effects. However to date is not clear which is the optimal timing to apply tES in relation to the induction of robust facilitatory effects. Objective/hypothesis: The goal of this work was to investigate how different types of tES (tDCS and tRNS) can modulate behavioral performance in the healthy adult brain in relation to their timing of application. We applied tES protocols before (offline) or during (online) the execution of a visual perceptual learning (PL) task. PL is a form of implicit memory that is characterized by an improvement in sensory discrimination after repeated exposure to a particular type of stimulus and is considered a manifestation of neural plasticity. Our aim was to understand if the timing of tES is critical for the induction of differential neuromodulatory effects in the primary visual cortex (V1). Methods: We applied high-frequency tRNS, anodal tDCS and sham tDCS on V1 before or during the execution of an orientation discrimination task. The experimental design was between subjects and performance was measured in terms of d' values. Results: The ideal timing of application varied depending on the stimulation type. tRNS facilitated task performance only when it was applied during task execution, whereas anodal tDCS induced a larger facilitation if it was applied before task execution. Conclusion: The main result of this study is the finding that the timing of identical tES protocols yields opposite effects on performance. These results provide important guidelines for designing neuromodulation induction protocols and highlight the different optimal timing of the two excitatory techniques.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Timing in the Induction of Neuromodulation in Perceptual Learning by Transcranial Electric Stimulation

2013

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“…If modulation of physiological processes results in functional alterations, a causal relationship can be assumed. In the last years, a couple of such stimulation protocols have become available, allowing non-invasive modulation of brain activity and excitability, and thus are principally suited to serve this aim [12][13][14][15] . In this review, we give an overview of the principal mechanisms of the tools, and their applications for the exploration of prefrontal functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring prefrontal cortex functions in healthy humans by transcranial electrical stimulation

Kuo

Nitsche²

2015

Neurosci. Bull.

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The prefrontal cortex is involved in a multitude of cognitive, emotional, motivational, and social processes, so exploring its specifi c functions is crucial for understanding human experience and behavior. Functional imaging approaches have largely contributed to the enhancement of our understanding, but might have limitations in establishing causal relationships between physiology and the related psychological and behavioral processes. Non-invasive electrical stimulation with direct or alternating currents can help to enhance our understanding with regard to specific processes, and might provide future protocols able to improve them in case of malfunctions. We review the current state of the fi eld, and provide an outlook for future developments.

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“…This would account for a mild, and over time weakening, effect of tDCS on cognitive function. Furthermore, tDCS inhibiting the parietal cortex reduced performance but no effects of excitatory stimulation enhanced performance, despite recent reviews suggesting that achieving excitatory effects of stimulation during cognitive tasks are more likely (Nitsche & Paulus, 2011;Jacobson, Koslowsky, & Lavidor, 2012).…”

Section: * Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Perceptual decisions regarding object manipulation are selectively impaired in apraxia or when tDCS is applied over the left IPL

et al. 2016

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This study evaluated whether apraxia can be understood as due to impaired motor representations or motor imagery necessary for appropriate object-use, imitation, and pantomime. The causal role of the left inferior parietal lobe (IPL), which is heavily implicated in apraxia, is also evaluated. These processes are appraised in light of the proposed ventro-dorsal sub-stream of the classic two visual pathway model, where perceptual information from the ventral stream and the dorsal action stream are integrated and essential for object manipulation. Using a task assessing object-use perception, stroke patients with apraxia demonstrated a selective deficit during perceptual decisions reliant on the integration of visible and known object properties to select the appropriate grasp for object-use. This deficit increased with apraxia severity. A dissociation was evident in these patients showing intact non-motoric perceptual decisions regarding the functional semantic relationship between two objects in the absence of the actor (e.g. how a hammer hits a nail). Converging evidence was found using a modified version of the same task in a neuromodulation study that directly targeted the left IPL in healthy participants using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Application of inhibitory stimulation over the left IPL reduced performance during perceptual decisions regarding object manipulation whilst performance was unaffected during functional semantic decisions. Excitatory stimulation of the left IPL did not affect performance in either task. Combined, these results suggest that the left inferior parietal lobe is critical for motor imagery, and that apraxia may be caused by an inability to use internal motor representations of object manipulation. These results are discussed in terms of motoric and non-motoric perceptual processes and the proposal of an additional ventro-dorsal sub-stream within the dorsal and ventral visual pathways model

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Transcranial direct current stimulation: a new treatment for depression?

Abstract: Nitsche MA. Transcranial direct current stimulation: a new treatment for depression?  Bipolar Disord 2002: 4(Suppl. 1): 98–99. © Blackwell Munksgaard, 2002

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

The Role of Timing in the Induction of Neuromodulation in Perceptual Learning by Transcranial Electric Stimulation

The Role of Timing in the Induction of Neuromodulation in Perceptual Learning by Transcranial Electric Stimulation

Exploring prefrontal cortex functions in healthy humans by transcranial electrical stimulation

Perceptual decisions regarding object manipulation are selectively impaired in apraxia or when tDCS is applied over the left IPL

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Transcranial direct current stimulation: a new treatment for depression?

Abstract: Nitsche MA. Transcranial direct current stimulation: a new treatment for depression? Bipolar Disord 2002: 4(Suppl. 1): 98–99. © Blackwell Munksgaard, 2002

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

The Role of Timing in the Induction of Neuromodulation in Perceptual Learning by Transcranial Electric Stimulation

The Role of Timing in the Induction of Neuromodulation in Perceptual Learning by Transcranial Electric Stimulation

Exploring prefrontal cortex functions in healthy humans by transcranial electrical stimulation

Perceptual decisions regarding object manipulation are selectively impaired in apraxia or when tDCS is applied over the left IPL

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Abstract: Nitsche MA. Transcranial direct current stimulation: a new treatment for depression?  Bipolar Disord 2002: 4(Suppl. 1): 98–99. © Blackwell Munksgaard, 2002