Transcribed DNA is preferentially located in the perichromatin region of mammalian cell nuclei

Niedojadło, Janusz; Perret-Vivancos, Cécile; Kalland, Karl‐Henning; Cmarko, Dušan; Cremer, Thomas; Driel, Roel van; Fakan, Stanislav

doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.10.026

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…A detectable looping out of the locus is not required for expression, but relocation may enhance it. Indeed, the bulk chromatin structure of CTs has been suggested to contain less transcription and splicing machineries than the interchromosome domain or interchromatin compartment (Albiez et al 2006;Niedojadlo et al 2011). Consequently, it has been proposed that movement to the exterior of the CT may be important in activating the transcriptional potential of a locus (Heard and Bickmore 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific positioning of the casein gene cluster in active nuclear domains in luminal mammary epithelial cells

Kress¹,

Kiêu²,

Droineau³

et al. 2011

Chromosome Res

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The nuclear organization of mammary epithelial cells has been shown to be sensitive to the three-dimensional microenvironment in several models of cultured cells. However, the relationships between the expression and position of genes have not often been explored in animal tissues. We therefore studied the localization of milk protein genes in the nuclei of luminal mammary epithelial cells during lactation as well as in two non-expressing cells, i.e., hepatocytes and the less differentiated embryonic fibroblasts. We compared the position of a cluster of co-regulated genes, encoding caseins (CSN), with that of the whey acidic protein (WAP) gene which is surrounded by genes displaying different expression profiles. We show that the position of the CSN cluster relative to various nuclear compartments is correlated with its activity. In luminal cells, the CSN cluster loops out from its chromosome territory and is positioned in the most euchromatic regions, and frequently associated with elongating RNA polymerase II-rich zones. In hepatocytes and embryonic fibroblasts, the cluster is found preferentially closer to the nuclear periphery. Interestingly, we had previously observed a very peripheral position of the CSN locus in the nuclei of HC11 mammary epithelial cells weakly expressing milk protein genes. We thus show that cultured cell lines are not fully representative of the nuclear organization of genes in a complex and highly organized tissue such as the mammary gland and propose that the spatial positioning of the locus is important to ensuring the optimum control of CSN gene activity observed in the mammary tissue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific positioning of the casein gene cluster in active nuclear domains in luminal mammary epithelial cells

Kress¹,

Kiêu²,

Droineau³

et al. 2011

Chromosome Res

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“…Super-resolution microscopy discovered that only few punctual RNAPIISer5ph and RNAPIISer2ph foci are present in mammalian nuclei and that they are enriched in a region located at the periphery of euchromatin domains, but that they are absent from the interior of these domains [Fakan and van Driel, 2007;Markaki et al, 2010;Niedojadlo et al, 2011;Strickfaden et al, 2012].…”

Section: Transcription Network Are Present In Plant Interphase Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA Polymerase II Forms Transcription Networks in Rye and <b><i>Arabidopsis</i></b> Nuclei and Its Amount Increases with Endopolyploidy

Schubert

2014

Cytogenet Genome Res

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RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) is responsible for the transcription of most eukaryotic genes. In mammalian nuclei, RNAPII is mainly localized in relatively few distinct transcription factories. In this study - applying super-resolution microscopy - it is shown that in plants, inactive (non-phosphorylated) and active (phosphorylated) RNAPII modifications compose distinct ‘transcription networks' within the euchromatin. These reticulate structures sometimes attach to each other, but they are absent from heterochromatin and nucleoli. The global RNAPII distribution within nuclei is not influenced by interphase chromatin organization such as Rabl (rye) versus non-Rabl (Arabidopsis thaliana) orientation. Replication of sister chromatids without cell division causes endopolyploidy, a phenomenon widespread in plants and animals. Endopolyploidy raises the number of gene copies per nucleus. Here, it is shown that the amounts of active and inactive RNAPII enzymes in differentiated 2-32C leaf nuclei of A. thaliana proportionally increase with rising endopolyploidy. Thus, increasing the transcriptional activity of cells and tissues seems to be an important function of endopolyploidy.

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“…This dynamic behavior allows transient contacts of domain surfaces in cis and in trans and thus provides opportunities for chromosomal rearrangements (Kreth et al 2004a(Kreth et al ,b, 2007, as well as the formation of nonrandom chromatin interactions, which may be stabilized after a random contact (LiebermanAiden et al 2009;Schoenfelder et al 2010). Furthermore, the CT-IC model takes into account that the supposedly more compact interior of CDs is separated from the IC by a roughly 100-200-nm-thick layer of decondensed chromatin, called the perichromatin region (PR) (Fakan and Hancock 1974;Fakan and van Driel 2007;Niedojadlo et al 2011). The PR is considered as the nuclear subcompartment where transcription, cotranscriptional splicing, DNA replication, and possibly also DNA repair take place.…”

Section: Interchromatin Compartment and Perichromatin Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Nuclear Organization of Transcription and DNA Replication: A Topographical Marriage between Chromatin Domains and the Interchromatin Compartment

Markaki

Gunkel²,

Schermelleh³

et al. 2010

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology

131

108

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Transcribed DNA is preferentially located in the perichromatin region of mammalian cell nuclei

Cited by 42 publications

References 44 publications

Specific positioning of the casein gene cluster in active nuclear domains in luminal mammary epithelial cells

Specific positioning of the casein gene cluster in active nuclear domains in luminal mammary epithelial cells

RNA Polymerase II Forms Transcription Networks in Rye and <b><i>Arabidopsis</i></b> Nuclei and Its Amount Increases with Endopolyploidy

Functional Nuclear Organization of Transcription and DNA Replication: A Topographical Marriage between Chromatin Domains and the Interchromatin Compartment

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