Transcriptome Analysis of Kiwifruit in Response to Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Infection

Abstract

Kiwifruit bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) has brought about a severe threat to the kiwifruit industry worldwide since its first outbreak in 2008. Studies on other pathovars of P. syringae are revealing the pathogenesis of these pathogens, but little about the mechanism of kiwifruit bacterial canker is known. In order to explore the species-specific interaction between Psa and kiwifruit, we analyzed the transcriptomic profile of kiwifruit infected by Psa. After 48 h, 8255 differentially expressed genes were identified, including those involved in metabolic process, secondary metabolites metabolism and plant response to stress. Genes related to biosynthesis of terpens were obviously regulated, indicating terpens may play roles in suppressing the growth of Psa. We identified 283 differentially expressed resistant genes, of which most U-box domain containing genes were obviously up regulated. Expression of genes involved in plant immunity was detected and some key genes showed differential expression. Our results suggest that Psa induced defense response of kiwifruit, including PAMP (pathogen/microbe-associated molecular patterns)-triggered immunity, effector-triggered immunity and hypersensitive response. Metabolic process was adjusted to adapt to these responses and production of secondary metabolites may be altered to suppress the growth of Psa.

Comparative Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Compatible and Incompatible Patterns of Potato Toward Phytophthora infestans

“…In our study, a large number of glycoside hydrolase genes, which are known to be secreted in the apoplast and to contribute to the primary defense against pathogens (Ali et al 2012), were among the shared DEGs at 24 hpi, suggesting that glycoside hydrolases may play a general role in the primary response to P. infestans. Two types of protein kinases, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) and leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinases (LRR-RKs), play essential roles in pathogen recognition and early signaling (Khorramdelazad et al 2018), and CDPKs were previously found to be induced by PAMPs in Psa-infected kiwifruit (Wang et al 2018). In our study, three genes encoding CDPKs and 17 encoding LRR-RKs were up-regulated in both the 90128-and CN152-infected samples at 24 hpi, suggesting that these P. infestans isolates induce common key early signaling genes in potato genotype 03112-233.…”

“…Understanding plant resistance mechanisms is important for developing complimentary strategies for disease control. Plants have a complex immune system that provides two lines of defense with different molecular mechanisms of pathogen recognition (Jones and Dangl 2006;Wang et al 2018). The first line of defense is referred to as pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI), in which PAMPs are recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PPRs) that often have a kinase domain (Tariq et al 2018).…”

“…However, successful pathogens have evolved effectors that interfere with PTI responses, enabling successful infection, and this is known as effector-triggered susceptibility (ETS) (Jones and Dangl 2006;Burra et al 2018). The second line of defense, termed effector-triggered immunity (ETI), is the detection of effector proteins in the host cytoplasm by resistance proteins, which elicits further immunity (Jones and Dangl 2006;Wang et al 2018). Typically, PTI is a response to conserved pathogen molecules, while ETI is highly specific and often leads to programmed cell death (PCD) manifested by the hypersensitive reaction (Khavkin 2015).…”

BSR-Seq Analysis Provides Insights into Cold Stress in Actinidia Arguta F1 Populations

“…A study on the cold resistance of A. arguta was signi cant for understanding the mechanism of cold resistance in Actinidia. Transcriptome analysis has been widely used in studies of kiwifruit, including investigations of fruit development and ripening [25,26], fruit color [27], and biotic and abiotic stresses such as waterlogging stress [28] and psa [29]. However, the materials in most studies were cultivars; in this study, F1 populations were used as the materials for the rst time.…”

Plant–Microbe Interaction 2017—The Good, the Bad and the Diverse

“…In a related study, Wang et al analyzed the transcriptome of Kiwifruit in response to infection by the bacterial canker pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) [ 9 ]. Gene expression analysis of the infected kiwifruit plant revealed upregulation of several genes.…”