Transcriptome Analysis of Landrace Pig Subcutaneous Preadipocytes during Adipogenic Differentiation

Abstract

Fat deposition in pigs, which significantly contributes to meat quality, fattening efficiency, reproductive performance, and immunity, is critically affected by preadipocyte adipogenic differentiation. We elucidated adipogenesis in pigs using transcriptome analysis. Preadipocytes from subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of Landrace piglets were differentiated into adipocytes in vitro. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during preadipocyte differentiation up to day 8 revealed 15,918 known and 586 novel genes. We detected 21, 144, and 394 DEGs, respectively, including 16 genes differentially expressed at days 2, 4 and 8 compared to day 0. Th number of DEGs increased time-dependently. Lipid metabolism, cell differentiation and proliferation, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), wingless-type MMTV integration site (Wnt), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling, and steroid biosynthesis were significant at days 2, 4, and 8 compared to day 0 (adjusted p < 0.05). Short time-series expression miner (STEM) analysis obtained 26 clusters of differential gene expression patterns, and nine were significant (p < 0.05). Functional analysis showed many significantly enriched lipid deposition- and cellular process-related biological processes and pathways in profiles 9, 21, 22, and 24. Glycerolipid and fatty-acid metabolism, PPAR signaling, fatty-acid degradation, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), and TNF signaling were observed during preadipocyte differentiation in vitro. These findings will facilitate the comprehension of preadipocyte differentiation and fat deposition in pigs.

MiR-25-3p regulates the differentiation of intramuscular preadipocytes in goat via targeting <i>KLF4</i>

“…Among them, intramuscular fat deposition is of great significance to meat flavor, nutrition, and taste (Cui et al, 2016;Poleti et al, 2018a;Wood et al, 2008). In addition, intramuscular fat cells can gradually accumulate through the proliferation and differentiation to form the marble pattern in meat (Poleti et al, 2018b;Zhao et al, 2019). In recent years, miRNAs have become a hot spot for studying the processes of fat differenti- ation and lipid metabolism.…”

Aldo-Keto Reductase 1C1 (AKR1C1) as the First Mutated Gene in a Family with Nonsyndromic Primary Lipedema

“…ADD1/SREBP1c promotes adipocyte differentiation and gene expression linked to fatty acid metabolism [ 32 ]. Transcriptomic and functional analysis of differentiated adipocytes of Landrace piglets showed many significantly enriched lipid deposition and steroid hormone biosynthesis that involved hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases activity of AKR1C1 [ 33 ].…”

Myostatin regulates fatty acid desaturation and fat deposition through MEF2C/miR222/SCD5 cascade in pigs

“…MEF2C was also shown to be able to activate carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1β) expression in non-muscle cells, and to specifically bind to PPARα in vitro, implying its involvement in the fatty acid metabolism 29 . In pigs, a few studies had validated MEF2C expression in different fat tissues, including intramuscular, subcutaneous, retroperitoneal, and mesenteric adipose tissues [30][31][32] . In this study, by using in vivo and in vitro assays, we demonstrated that MEF2C is the upstream regulator of miR222 in the adipose tissues of pigs.…”