Transcriptome and Proteome Conjoint Analysis Revealed That Exogenous Sulfur Regulates Glucosinolate Synthesis in Cabbage

Abstract

Glucosinolates (GLS) are important anionic secondary metabolites that are rich in thiocyanin in cabbage, Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata. GLS are important in food flavor, plant antimicrobial activity, insect resistance, disease resistance, and human anti-cancer effects. Sulfur is an important raw material of GLS, directly affecting their synthesis. However, the mechanism of sulfur regulation of GLS biosynthesis in cabbage is unclear. In the present study, cabbage was treated with sulfur-free Hoagland nutrient solution (control; −S), and normal Hoagland nutrient solution (treatment; +S). Through joint transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, the effect of exogenous S on GLS synthesis was explored. S application induced GLS accumulation; especially, indole glycosides. Transcriptome analysis showed that +S treatment correlated positively with differentially expressed genes and proteins involved in amino acid biosynthesis, carbon metabolism, and plant hormone signal transduction. Compared with −S treatment, the mRNA expression of GLS synthesis genes (CYP, GSTU, UGT, and FMO) and those encoding transcription factors (RLK, MYB, AP2, bHLH, AUX/IAA, and WRKY) were upregulated significantly in the +S group. Combined transcriptome and proteome analysis suggested that the main pathway influenced by S during GLS synthesis in cabbage is amino acid biosynthesis. Moreover, S treatment activated GLS synthesis and accumulation.

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed the regulatory mechanism of sulfur application in grain yield and protein content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…However, although TraesCS2D02G324800, TraesCS2B02G343800, and TraesCS2A02G338200 were homologous to AtMYB29 (Stracke et al, 2001, alignment rate >74%), their expression was not affected under the sulfur treatments. Here, several MYB TFs were identified to be involved in glucosinolate synthesis pathways (Li L. et al, 2021). However, as described above, some genes were not differentially expressed, showing the complexity of MYBs involved in sulfur metabolism and indicating that homologous genes in different species may have different functions.…”

Morphophysiological and Biochemical Characterization of the Exotic Cabbage (Brassica Oleracea Var. Capitata L.) Varieties in Bangladesh

“…The vegetable known as cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata,[2n = 18]) is widely grown all over the world, having started in the Mediterranean and moving up to the North Sea (Li et al, 2021). Before cultivation and use as food, cabbage was mainly beneficial for medicinal purposes (Silva Jr, 1986).…”

Integrated Transcriptome and Proteome Analysis Revealed the Regulatory Mechanism of Hypocotyl Elongation in Pakchoi

“…Due to the incomplete agreement between biological events described at the gene level and protein level, the integration of transcriptome and proteome analyses is a better approach and is extensively applied to elucidate physiological regulatory mechanisms from different biological perspectives [ 22 , 23 ]. A conjoint transcriptome and proteome analysis revealed the roles of exogenous sulfur in regulating glucosinolate synthesis in cabbage and the molecular mechanism of responding to salt stress during seed germination in hulless barley [ 24 , 25 ]. However, there is little research on the molecular mechanisms of hypocotyl elongation using the integration of transcriptome and proteome analyses in pakchoi.…”