Transcriptomic and physiological studies identify cues for germination stage oxygen deficiency tolerance in rice

Vijayan, Joshitha; Senapati, Swetaleena; Ray, Soham; Chakraborty, Koushik; Molla, Kutubuddin A.; Basak, Nabaneeta; Pradhan, Bhubaneswar; Yeasmin, Lucina; Chattopadhyay, Krishnendu; Sarkar, Ramani Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2017.12.013

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Expressional analysis of key Na + and K + transporters and ion channels and H + pumps in roots and leaves was performed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis as per Vijayan et al (2018). Briefly, total RNA was isolated from roots and leaves of control and stressed plants, 2 days after imposition of salt stress using RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen).…”

Section: Gene Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Tolerance Coupled With Ionic Discrimination Can Potentially Minimize the Energy Cost of Salinity Tolerance in Rice

et al. 2020

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Salinity is one of the major constraints in rice production. To date, development of salt-tolerant rice cultivar is primarily focused on salt-exclusion strategies, which incur greater energy cost. The present study aimed to evaluate a balancing strategy of ionic discrimination vis-à-vis tissue tolerance, which could potentially minimize the energy cost of salt tolerance in rice. Four rice genotypes, viz., FL478, IR29, Kamini, and AC847, were grown hydroponically and subjected to salt stress equivalent to 12 dS m −1 at early vegetative stage. Different physiological observations (leaf chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence traits, and tissue Na + and K + content) and visual scoring suggested a superior Na +-partitioning strategy operating in FL478. A very low tissue Na + /K + ratio in the leaves of FL478 after 7 days of stress hinted the existence of selective ion transport mechanism in this genotype. On the contrary, Kamini, an equally salt-tolerant genotype, was found to possess a higher leaf Na + /K + ratio than does FL478 under similar stress condition. Salt-induced expression of different Na + and K + transporters indicated significant upregulation of SOS, HKT, NHX, and HAK groups of transporters in both leaves and roots of FL478, followed by Kamini. The expression of plasma membrane and vacuolar H + pumps (OsAHA1, OsAHA7, and OsV-ATPase) were also upregulated in these two genotypes. On the other hand, IR29 and AC847 showed greater salt susceptibility owing to excess upward transport of Na + and eventually died within a few days of stress imposition. But in the "leaf clip" assay, it was found that both IR29 and Kamini had high tissue-tolerance and chlorophyll-retention abilities. On the contrary, FL478, although having higher ionic-discrimination ability, showed the least degree of tissue tolerance as evident from the LC 50 score (amount of Na + required to reduce the initial chlorophyll content to half) of 336 mmol g −1 as against 459 and 424 mmol g −1 for IR29 and Kamini, respectively. Overall, the present study indicated that two components (ionic selectivity and tissue tolerance) of salt tolerance mechanism are distinct in rice. Unique genotypes like Kamini could effectively balance both of these strategies to achieve considerable salt tolerance, perhaps with lesser energy cost.

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Section: Gene Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Tolerance Coupled With Ionic Discrimination Can Potentially Minimize the Energy Cost of Salinity Tolerance in Rice

et al. 2020

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“…Regarding the alcoholic fermentation process, ADH, pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) are key enzymes that are involved in the reduction of pyruvate into alcohol. ADH catalyzes the rate-limiting step of ethanol metabolism and is considered to be essential for carbohydrate metabolism that is critical for the germination and growth of rice under low O 2 stress [ 54 , 55 ]. It has been reported that a mutation in rice ADH1 leads to a reduction in the level of ADH protein, and thus compromises the tolerance to anaerobic stress of the adh -null mutant, suggesting that a functional ADH protein is required for enhancing tolerance to submergence during rice germination [ 20 , 56 ] ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Metabolic Adaption To Anaerobic Germination In Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

The Molecular Regulatory Pathways and Metabolic Adaptation in the Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Rice in Response to Low O2 Stress

Cen

et al. 2020

Plants

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As sessile organisms, flooding/submergence is one of the major abiotic stresses for higher plants, with deleterious effects on their growth and survival. Therefore, flooding/submergence is a large challenge for agriculture in lowland areas worldwide. Long-term flooding/submergence can cause severe hypoxia stress to crop plants and can result in substantial yield loss. Rice has evolved distinct adaptive strategies in response to low oxygen (O2) stress caused by flooding/submergence circumstances. Recently, direct seeding practice has been increasing in popularity due to its advantages of reducing cultivation cost and labor. However, establishment and growth of the seedlings from seed germination under the submergence condition are large obstacles for rice in direct seeding practice. The physiological and molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying tolerant and sensitive phenotypes in rice have been extensively investigated. Here, this review focuses on the progress of recent advances in the studies of the molecular mechanisms and metabolic adaptions underlying anaerobic germination (AG) and coleoptile elongation. Further, we highlight the prospect of introducing quantitative trait loci (QTL) for AG into rice mega varieties to ensure the compatibility of flooding/submergence tolerance traits and yield stability, thereby advancing the direct seeding practice and facilitating future breeding improvement.

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“…A transcriptomic comparison between deepwater rice and non-deepwater rice during submergence revealed that the expression of genes related to gibberellin biosynthesis, trehalose biosynthesis, anaerobic fermentation, cell wall modification and transcription factors that include ethylene-responsive factors was significantly different between the varieties, and also suggested the role of jasmonic acid in the submergence response of rice [64]. A study validated the transcriptome data through q-PCR of selected genes and biochemical analysis related to carbohydrate metabolism, anaerobic respiration and oxidative stress tolerance were found more significant in submergence tolerant genotype when compared to susceptible one [65].…”

Section: Approaches To Mitigate Abiotic Stress Through Crop Improvemementioning

confidence: 80%

Effect of Climate Change on Rice

Dabi¹,

Khanna²

2018

Agrotechnology

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Climate change has evolved from a subject of future speculation to an inconvenient reality of the present. Given the inseparable link of agriculture with climatic variables, impact of climate change on agriculture and food security has been at the forefront of the research and policy agenda in recent times. Climatic alteration in India is becoming fairly perceptible, and the changes are far more evident than in other parts of the country. As a result of climate change, extreme abiotic factors like high and low temperatures, droughts, salinity, osmotic stress, heavy rains, floods and frost damages are posing serious threats to rice production and also are detrimental for the farmers earning livelihood from rice cultivation. There is a dire need to frame strategies against these stresses, so that in order to cope with such impacts crop improvement will help in finding the sustainable and effective solution against the negative impact of climate change. Advancement in Molecular breeding will help in utilizing the inherent potential of wild species by generating abiotic tolerant lines through introgression. Large screening of tolerance in wild genotypes should be done with the help of molecular markers to identify the underlying QTLs/genes. With the development in the field of bioinformatics, DNA microarrays, mass spectrometry, RNA-Sequencing or other modern high-throughput genomic techniques, it is now feasible to decipher the underlying metabolic pathways through top down approach. The present paper provides an overview of the recent evidences, potential impacts of climate change on rice and also offers its mitigation strategy through crop improvement with special reference to northeast India.

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Transcriptomic and physiological studies identify cues for germination stage oxygen deficiency tolerance in rice

Cited by 32 publications

References 60 publications

Tissue Tolerance Coupled With Ionic Discrimination Can Potentially Minimize the Energy Cost of Salinity Tolerance in Rice

Tissue Tolerance Coupled With Ionic Discrimination Can Potentially Minimize the Energy Cost of Salinity Tolerance in Rice

The Molecular Regulatory Pathways and Metabolic Adaptation in the Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Rice in Response to Low O2 Stress

Effect of Climate Change on Rice

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