Transcultural Validation of the 12-Item Scale of Economic Abuse in Chinese Population

Abstract

The aim of this study was to report translation and transcultural adaptation of the Chinese version of the 12-item scale of economic abuse (C-SEA-12) and evaluate its psychometric properties. Forward translation, backward translation followed by consensus meeting with expert committees were done to create the Chinese version. Then, the translated C-SEA-12 was validated on 399 Chinese adults from a territory-wide household survey in Hong Kong. A second-order factor model of C-SEA-12 was demonstrated with adequate goodness of fit (root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = .05, comparative fit index [CFI] = .99, Tucker–Lewis Index [TLI] = .98, SRMR = .03) through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability (Cronbach's α coefficient = .92) and validity were satisfactory. The C-SEA-12 was demonstrated to be a reliable and valid measurement to assess economic abuse in Chinese population.

Nursing research on intimate partner violence in China: A scoping review

“…Following rigorous procedures for cultural adaptation, studies from Hong Kong translated and validated Chinese versions of several instruments measuring and/or screening for IPV, including the Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS) [81] , the Extended-Hurt, Insult, Threaten, Scream (E-HITS) [82] , the Revised Controlling Behaviors Scale (CBS-R) [83] , the Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory (PMWI) [84] , the Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) [85] , and the Scale of Economic Abuse-12 (SEA-12) [86] . These validated instruments demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties among Chinese population in Hong Kong; but they were not able to be directly used among Chinese population in mainland China, with the difference in Chinese characters in the two regions serving as one of the most obvious reasons.…”

“…Secondly, the phenomena of cold violence and Tongqi in modern Chinese society received attention [87 , 111] . Researchers from Hong Kong translated and validated the tool for measuring economic abuse [86] , frequently reported as a form of cold violence with financial control [149] . Researchers from mainland China specifically developed the tool to investigate cold violence, though mainly among wives of MSM [87] .…”

Economic violence against women: A case in Turkey

“…Until now, limited empirical research has been conducted on the links and consequences of economic violence [4,18,25,39,57]. In recent years scales have been developed, tested and revised by scholars to measure economic violence [5,[17][18][19][22][23][24].…”

“…But recently, scholars have begun to define economic violence as a unique form of violence [3]. Economic abuse is a unique and mandatory form of control behavior that the abuser uses in an intimate relationship other than physical, sexual and psychological abuse [19]. Since economic violence is an important aspect of IPV, studies that ignore economic violence miss an important factor [20].…”

“…The validity and reliability of SEA-12 were also tested [24]. In another study conducted in China, the Chinese version of the SEA-12 was adapted, and its validity and reliability were tested [19].…”