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Objectives. To investigate trends of diabetes mellitus (DM) morbidity and antidiabetic drug utilization in Croatian primary health care (PHC) from 2005 to 2014. Method. Routinely collected morbidity data from all PHC units, presented in Croatian health-statistics yearbooks, were retrieved. Data on drug utilization were retrieved from the Annual Reports of the Croatian Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices (ATC/DDD, antidiabetic, A10). Results. Total morbidity increased by 33.3% and DM increased by 65.6%, mostly in patients over age 65 (from 50% to 57%). Estimated DM prevalence in adults increased from 3.9% to 6.4%. Increased morbidity was followed by an even higher increase in drug utilization (120%). Metformin was first, with a constant increase (from 18% to 39%), followed by glimepiride, while glibenclamide use decreased. Total utilization of insulin increased even more, mostly for aspart (600%) and newly introduced glargine and detemir, while human insulin usage sharply decreased. Spending also increased, mostly for aspart (from 21% to 61% of total). Conclusions. Increased DM is followed by a higher increase in antidiabetic drug utilization; this trend will continue in the future. In Croatian PHC, metformin has primacy along with insulin analogues.

Recent years have been marked by serious breakthroughs in the drug therapy of malignant neoplasms. The results of new successful studies are received almost constantly, which affect both clinical practice and the fate of patients. The studies in oncourology are also actively conducted: over the past 12 months, another batch of data from clinical studies has been obtained, in particular, comparing various combinations of chemotherapy drugs, the possibilities of combined targeted and immune therapy. The article deals with issues related to the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, urothelial cancer, the use of radiopharmaceuticals in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer, as well as adjuvant therapy of urothelial cancer, which has not yet found an unambiguous solution. Phases II and III data of clinical trials in combination with the leading experts’ opinions should help to improve the approach to the treatment of oncourology diseases, especially in the late stages. KEYWORDS: renal cell carcinoma, urothelial cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, immunotargeting therapy, chemotherapy, adverse events. FOR CITATION: Solodkiy V.A., Pavlov R.A., Dzidzaria A.G. et al. The most significant achievements in the drug therapy of oncourology diseases in 2020–2021. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(8):545–547 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-8-545-547.

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