Transesterification of soybean oil with zeolite and metal catalysts

Suppes, Galen J.; Dasari, Mohanprasad A.; Doskocil, Eric J.; Mankidy, Pratik J.; Goff, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2003.07.010

Cited by 503 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Suppes et al separated the reaction mixture that exhibited a nearly 93% methylester yield into the used wet solid catalyst and the liquid product fraction. When fresh soybean oil and methanol as the original reaction mixture were added to each component, a 25% methylester yield was obtained from the mixture containing liquid product while a 90% methylester yield was resulted from the reused catalyst [19]. This result strongly suggests that, although some sodium species dissolve into the liquid phase, they are not responsible for the bulk of the transesterification reaction.…”

Section: Effect Of Washing Agent On Catalytic Activity Of Metal Oxidementioning

confidence: 47%

“…Heterogeneous catalytic activity of a zeolite supported alkali metal (NaX, NaY, NaOx/NaX etc.) has been reported [19]. Suppes et al separated the reaction mixture that exhibited a nearly 93% methylester yield into the used wet solid catalyst and the liquid product fraction.…”

Section: Effect Of Washing Agent On Catalytic Activity Of Metal Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the X-Ray diffraction (XRD) peak associated with the ZSM-5 supported ZnO-Al2O3 catalyst significantly decreased after heating above 550°C suggesting the structure did not survive at high temperature. Thus, in order to preserve the mesoporous structure of nano ZSM-5, a lower calcination temperature of 500 °C was adopted as used in reference [19].…”

Section: Metal Oxide Catalyst Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The catalytic activity of the heterogeneous base catalyst, in the transesterification of soybean oil, shows a striking correlation with basic strength [5,[8][9][10]. Thus, most heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production contain alkali or alkali earth cations [4,5,8,9,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. However, most of the catalysts experienced deactivation, by leaching of the alkali species from the heterogeneous catalysts to reaction medium [1,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of sodium on the catalytic activity of ZnO–Al2O3/ZSM-5 and SnO–Al2O3/ZSM-5 for the transesterification of vegetable oil with methanol

Kim

Yan

Salley

et al. 2009

Catalysis Communications

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In order to elucidate the effect of sodium on the activity of ZSM-5 supported metal oxides catalysts (ZnO-Al2O3/ZSM-5 and SnO-Al2O3/ZSM-5) for the transesterification of soybean oil with methanol, ZSM-5 supported metal oxides were prepared with and without sodium hydroxide by impregnation. The metal compositions of the ZSM-5 supported metal oxide catalysts and the metal concentrations dissolved from the catalysts to the methylester phase were measured by SEM-EDS and inductive coupled plasma spectroscopy, respectively. The catalytic activity of ZnO-Al2O3/ZSM-5 and SnO-Al2O3/ZSM-5 containing sodium did not originate from surface metal oxides sites, but from surface sodium sites or dissolved sodium leached from the catalyst surface.

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Section: Effect Of Washing Agent On Catalytic Activity Of Metal Oxidementioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Effect Of Washing Agent On Catalytic Activity Of Metal Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metal Oxide Catalyst Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The effect of sodium on the catalytic activity of ZnO–Al2O3/ZSM-5 and SnO–Al2O3/ZSM-5 for the transesterification of vegetable oil with methanol

Kim

Yan

Salley

et al. 2009

Catalysis Communications

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“…enzymes (Haas et al, 2006;Kaieda et al, 1999;Komers et al, 2001;Ma and Hanna, 1999;Meher et al, 2006;Suppes et al, 2001Suppes et al, , 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the current state of biodiesel production using enzymatic transesterification

Fjerbæk

Christensen

Norddahl

2009

Biotech & Bioengineering

667

459

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Enzymatic biodiesel production has been investigated intensively, but is presently employed industrially only in a 20,000 tons/year pilot plant in China (Du et al. [2008] Appl Microbiol Technol 79(3):331-337). This review presents a critical analysis of the current status of research in this area and accentuates the main obstacles to the widespread use of enzymes for commercial biodiesel transesterification. Improved results for enzymatic catalysis are seen with respect to increased yield, reaction time and stability, but the performance and price of the enzymes need further advances for them to become attractive industrially for biodiesel production. Critical aspects such as mass transfer limitations, use of solvents and water activity are discussed together with process considerations and evaluation of possible reactor configurations, if industrial production with enzymes is to be carried out. Results of published studies on the productivity of enzymes are also presented and compared to the use of chemical catalysts.

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