Transfer of resistance to race 2 of Plasmodiophora Brassicae from Brassica napus to cabbage (B. oleracea var. Capitata). I. Interspecific hybridization between B. napus and B. oleracea var. Capitata

Chiang, M. S.; Chiang, B. Y.; Grant, W. F.

doi:10.1007/bf00026993

Cited by 76 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A differential genotype response has also been noted when hybrids were produced using ovary culture/embryo rescue techniques (Ayotte et al, 1987). Honma and Summers (1976) and Chiang et al (1977) found that all of their successful hybrids had a B. oleracea parent that was itself a progeny of an intraspecific cross between two subspecies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In general, the fertility of F 1 hybrids was low, and male sterility was common. The fertility of hybrid plants was increased in some cases when the chromosome number was doubled (Morinaga and Fukushima, 1933;U, 1935;Ttiresson and Nordenski6d, 1943;Mizushima, 1950b;Jahr, 1962;Nwankiti, 1971;Chiang et al, 1977;Heyn, 1977;Chevre et al, 1991). Increase in the chromosome number can occur spontaneously, either in the Fa hybrid or in later generations, but can lead to decreased as well as increased fertility.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The success of an interspecific or intergeneric hybrid may be influenced by the genotypes used in the cross (Becker, 1950;Honma and Summers, 1976;Chiang et al, 1977;Roy, 1980;Ayotte et al, 1987). This does not necessarily imply that one genotype will be consistently successful where others have failed, but rather that one genotype may produce a few hybrids under specific conditions where others have failed completely.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The first is the production of matromorphic seed (U, 1935;R6bbelen, 1966;Chiang et al, 1977;Heyn, 1977;Roy, 1980;Batra et al, 1989) where the chromosomes of the female gamete double and a seed is produced without any chromosomes contributed by the male. Pollination of stigmas by foreign pollen has been shown to stimulate the production of matromorphic seed in the Brassiceae, so all seeds produced from interspecific hybrids should be confirmed as such.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Opportunities for gene transfer from transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus) to related species

Scheffler

Dale

1994

Transgenic Research

169

114

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Before novel transgenic plant genotypes are grown outside containment facilities and evaluated under field conditions, it is necessary to complete a risk assessment to consider the possible consequences of that release. An important aspect of risk assessment is to consider the likelihood and consequences of the transgene being transferred by cross-pollination to related species, including other crops, weeds and ruderal populations. The purpose of this report is to review the literature to assess the ease with which Brassica napus can hybridize with related species. The evidence for hybridization is considered at three levels: a) by open pollination, b) by hand pollination and c) by the use of in vitro ovule and embryo rescue techniques; and also examines the fertility and vigour of the F 1, F 2 and backcross generations. Four species are reported to hybridize with B. napus by open pollination: B. rapa and B. juncea using fully fertile parents; and B. adpressa and R. raphanistrurn using a male-sterile B. napus parent. Seventeen species are reported to form hybrids (including the four species above) with B. napus when pollination is carried out manually. At least 12 of these species were unable to form F 2 progeny, and eight were unable to produce progeny when the Fa was backcrossed to one of the parental species. Many factors will influence the success of hybridization under field conditions, including: distance between the parents, synchrony of flowering, method of pollen spread, specific parental genotypes used, direction of the cross and the environmental conditions. Even where there is a possibility of hybridization between B. napus and a related species growing in the vicinity of a release, poor vigour and high sterility in the hybrids will generally mean that hybrids and their progeny will not survive in either an agricultural or natural habitat.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Opportunities for gene transfer from transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus) to related species

Scheffler

Dale

1994

Transgenic Research

169

114

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“…B. oleracea produces hybrids with difficulty with other Brassica species, including both crop and wild forms (e.g. Narain & Prakash 1972;Chiang et al 1977;Akbar 1989 (Bourdôt et al 1999;Salisbury 2002). However, rates of hybridization in these crosses are typically very low.…”

Section: Actinidiaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

Transgene escape: what potential for crop–wild hybridization?

et al. 2005

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To date, regional surveys assessing the risk of transgene escape from GM crops have focused on records of spontaneous hybridization to infer the likelihood of crop transgene escape. However, reliable observations of spontaneous hybridization are lacking for most floras, particularly outside Europe. Here, we argue that evidence of interspecific reproductive compatibility derived from experimental crosses is an important component of risk assessment, and a useful first step especially where data from field observations are unavailable. We used this approach to assess the potential for transgene escape via hybridization for 123 widely grown temperate crops and their indigenous and naturalized relatives present in the New Zealand flora. We found that 66 crops (54%) are reproductively compatible with at least one other indigenous or naturalized species in the flora. Limited reproductive compatibility with wild relatives was evident for a further 12 crops (10%). Twenty-five crops (20%) were found to be reproductively isolated from all their wild relatives in New Zealand. For the remaining 20 crops (16%), insufficient information was available to determine levels of reproductive compatibility with wild relatives. Our approach may be useful in other regions where spontaneous crop-wild hybridization has yet to be well documented.

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