Transformation of Human Lymphocytes: Inhibition by Homologous Alpha Globulin

Cooperband, Sidney R.; Bondevik, H; Schmid, Karl; Mannick, John A.

doi:10.1126/science.159.3820.1243

Cited by 178 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Moreover, normal serum also contains factors that inhibit PHA-stimulated blast transformation and there is evidence that the inhibiting factor in normal serum may be an a, globulin (25). We found that normal serum depressed spontaneous and Con A-stimulated lymphocyte blast transformation in controls but had no effect on lymphocyte cytotoxicity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Cell-mediated immunity in acute and chronic hepatitis.

Wands¹,

Perrotto²,

Alpert³

et al. 1975

J. Clin. Invest.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Cell-mediated immunity in acute and chronic hepatitis.

Wands¹,

Perrotto²,

Alpert³

et al. 1975

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Cooperband et al (1968) (Heilman and MacFarland, 1966); hepatitis (Paronetto and Popper, 1970); ataxia telangiectasia (MacFarlin and Oppenheim, 1969); secondary syphilis (Levene et al, 1969); chronic candidiasis (Canales et al, 1969); Hodgkin's disease (Trubowitz, Masek and del Rosario, 1966); as well as cancer (Trubowitz et al, 1966;Salk, 1967;and others). With the present highly sensitive and quantitative method of assessing lymphocyte sensitization, the titre of LDF in health and disease can readily be determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocyte Sensitization in Advanced Malignant Disease: A Study of Serum Lymphocyte Depressive Factor

Field¹,

Caspary²

1972

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-Patients with advanced malignant disease show an apparent lesser degree of lymphocyte sensitization to cancer antigen when tested under standard conditions than do early cases. In the serum of cancer patients there is a lymphocyte response depressing factor whose titre rises as the neoplasm becomes more extensive. The low lymphocyte response shown by advanced cancers is not, however, directly referable to this rise in depressive factor, but to removal by the tumour mass of specifically sensitized lymphocytes so that amongst the standard number of cells under routine test an adequate number does not remain to give a full response. Increasing the number of cells under test restores the result to the level found in moderately sized cancers. The " absorptive capacity " of large tumours for circulating sensitized lymphocytes is greater than can be provided by natural immunization produced by the tumour. Active immunization with a tumour antigen can be expected therefore to increase lymphocyte -associated defence against cancer.

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“…Blocking activity in the purified fractions resided in molecules presumptively identified as glycoproteins by affinity chromatography on concanavalin A-Sepharose. The cellular immune response of an animal against its growing tumor can be inhibited by various circulating factors, some of which cause a generalized immune nonresponsiveness (1,2) and some of which are tumor specific (3,4). We have taken a particular interest in the specific factors, following the demonstration that sera from animals with growing tumors can specifically prevent immune lymphocytes from killing tumor targets as measured by in vitro cytotoxicity assays (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigen-specific purification of blocking factors from sera of mice with chemically induced tumors.

Nepom¹,

Hellström²,

Hellström³

1977

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Serum from mice with growing tumors can prevent ("block") the destruction of tumor cells by immune lymphocytes, as measured in a microcytotoxicity assay. Factors responsible for this blocking activity were purified by binding to immune adsorbents that had been prepared from antibodies obtained by immunizing BALB/c mice to the homologous tumors. Two transplantable BALB/c sarcoma lines with individually different tumor-specific transplantation antigens were studied in parallel. The original tumor-specific blocking activity was recovered by elution of the immune adsorbents; that is, (i) eluates blocked the reduction of surviving tumor cell targets by immune lymphocytes only if the tumor specificity of targets and lymphocytes corresponded to the serum specificity, and (ii) immune adsorbent columns prepared from tumor-immune sera recognized the purified blocking fractions in a tumor-specific fashion, indicating that a portion of the humoral response in the immune mice was directed against a factor that was individually distinct for each tumor. Absorption of eluates with the homologous tumor cells removed their blocking activity, indicating that the blocking factors have antigen-binding properties. Blocking activity in the purified fractions resided in molecules presumptively identified as glycoproteins by affinity chromatography on concanavalin A-Sepharose. The cellular immune response of an animal against its growing tumor can be inhibited by various circulating factors, some of which cause a generalized immune nonresponsiveness (1, 2) and some of which are tumor specific (3, 4). We have taken a particular interest in the specific factors, following the demonstration that sera from animals with growing tumors can specifically prevent immune lymphocytes from killing tumor targets as measured by in vitro cytotoxicity assays (3). The specific "blocking" factors (SBF) responsible for this effect were originally hypothesized to be free tumor antigens and complexes between such antigens and their antibodies (5), and evidence that both putative tumor antigen and antigen-antibody complexes can block target cell killing in microcytotoxicity assays has been presented (5, 6). However, the exact nature of SBF remains unknown.Our approach has been to isolate SBF in order to study them directly. We previously described the purification of an SBF from sera of tumor-bearing mice (7) using an affinity chromatography technique with antibodies from tumor-immunized syngeneic mice as the affinity adsorbent. This factor, which was both necessary and sufficient for blocking activity, had a molecular weight of approximately 56,000 (7).In order to analyze the immunologic specificity of SBF and of the immune adsorbents used for their isolation, we have purified two separate SBF from sera of mice carrying different chemically induced transplantable fibrosarcomas, using immune adsorbents prepared from antisera against either of two different tumors. Like the previously isolated SBF, these factors have an apparent molecular weight of a...

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Transformation of Human Lymphocytes: Inhibition by Homologous Alpha Globulin

Cited by 178 publications

References 12 publications

Cell-mediated immunity in acute and chronic hepatitis.

Cell-mediated immunity in acute and chronic hepatitis.

Lymphocyte Sensitization in Advanced Malignant Disease: A Study of Serum Lymphocyte Depressive Factor

Antigen-specific purification of blocking factors from sera of mice with chemically induced tumors.

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