Transformation of Salted Vineyard Soils Impact of Changes Regional Meteorological Parameters

Chernikov, E.A.; Popova, V. P.; Yaroshenko, O. V.; Marmorshtein, Anna Aleksandrovna

doi:10.31857/s2500262721010099

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“…Климат определяет географическое распространение и успешность возделывания всех сельскохозяйственных культур, а продуктивность растений в основном определяется количеством тепла и влаги за вегетационный период [1,2,3]. В последние годы в связи со значительными изменениями метеоусловий в период вегетации сельскохозяйственных культур проводятся масштабные исследования по адаптации различных аспектов аграрного производства к их последствиям [4,5,6]. Тесная отрицательная зависимость (r=-0,690) между урожайностью яровой пшеницы и суммой эффективных температур свидетельствует о том, что повышенные температуры оказывают отрицательное воздействие на формирование урожая культуры [7,8,9].…”

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Changes in Thermal Resources of the Vegetation Period and Productivity of Spring Wheat in the Conditions of the Middle Volga Region

Serzhanova

Gilyazov

Shaykhutdinov

et al. 2023

Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University

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The article presents the results of long-term studies (1982-2018) on the assessment of changes in thermal resources during the growing season and the indication of their impact on the yield of spring wheat. The work was carried out in the conditions of the northern part of the Middle Volga region on gray forest soils. The soil of the experimental site is gray forest medium loamy, the content of humus (according to Tyurin) is 2.8...3.2%, mobile phosphorus and potassium (according to Kirsanov) - 105...184 and 79...149 mg /100 g of soil, respectively, pH- 5.6...5.8. During the observation period, the highest temperature increase was recorded in July (2.4°C) and May (2.2°C), and the lowest in June (1.0°C). The sum of effective temperatures over 10°C increased by 500°C during the study period. The yield of spring wheat grown without fertilizers varied greatly in different years, ranging from 0.99 to 2.97 t/ha. The highest value of this indicator was observed at an average monthly air temperature of about 13 0C in May, 17 0C in June, 18 0c in July, and the sum of active temperatures was 1800 0c. The studied thermal resources, in accordance with the significance of the impact on the yield of spring wheat, can be arranged in the following descending order: average air temperature in June > average air temperature in July > the sum of effective temperatures above 10 °C > average air temperature in May. To describe the dependence of the yield of spring wheat grain on thermal resources, in three cases out of four, a polynomial equation of the second degree was better suited, and in one case, an exponential equation.

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