“…Participation in ODFs (usually measured by number, views, length) has resulted in improved academic performance (eg, Cheng, Par e, Collimore & Joordens, 2011;Hwang & Arbaught, 2009;Palmer, Holt & Bray, 2008;Romero, L opez, Luna & Ventura, 2013). Perceptions studies have found a general positive feedback to the use of online forums (eg, Balaji & Chakrabarti, 2010;Miyazoe & Anderson, 2010;Yang, 2016).…”