Transfusion transmitted <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i> infection in New Zealand

Theakston, Edward; Morris, Arthur J.; Streat, Stephen; Baker, Bart; Woodfield, D. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1997.tb00916.x

Cited by 49 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The majority of deaths reported to the FDA involved Yersinia enterocolitica. The highest reported incidence of Y. enterocolitica contamination was reported in New Zealand, with an incidence rate of 1 in 65,000 and a fatality rate of 1 in 104,000 red cell units transfused (59). Unrecognized cases, underreporting, and regional variation may account for observed differences in this incidence.…”

Section: Transfusion-transmitted Bacterial Infection Of Red Cellsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components

2005

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Blood for transfusion is a potential source of infection by a variety of known and unknown transmissible agents. Over the last 20 years, astounding reductions in the risk of viral infection via allogeneic blood have been achieved. As a result of this success, bacterial contamination of blood products has emerged as the greatest residual source of transfusion-transmitted disease. This paper summarizes the current status of detection, prevention, and elimination of bacteria in blood products for transfusion

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Section: Transfusion-transmitted Bacterial Infection Of Red Cellsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components

2005

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“…42 Transfusion-associated Yersinia enterocolitica sepsis varies markedly from country to country, with an estimated incidence of 1 per 65,000 transfusions in New Zealand to 1 per 500,000 transfusions in the US. 43,44 It is important to note that Yersinia-related sepsis is very episodic. Thus, over longer time intervals, the rates in these two countries might be different.…”

Section: Sources Of the Bacterial Contamination Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Contamination of Blood Components: Risks, Strategies, and Regulation

Hillyer

Josephson²,

Blajchman³

et al. 2003

Hematology

221

210

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Bacterial contamination of transfusion products, especially platelets, is a longstanding problem that has been partially controlled through modern phlebotomy practices, refrigeration of red cells, freezing of plasma and improved materials for transfusion product collection and storage. Bacterial contamination of platelet products has been acknowledged as the most frequent infectious risk from transfusion occurring in approximately 1 of 2,000-3,000 whole-blood derived, random donor platelets, and apheresis-derived, single donor platelets. In the US, bacterial contamination is considered the second most common cause of death overall from transfusion (after clerical errors) with mortality rates ranging from 1:20,000 to 1:85,000 donor exposures. Estimates of severe morbidity and mortality range from 100 to 150 transfused individuals each year.Concern This Joint ASH and AABB Educational Session reviews the risks, testing strategies, and regulatory approaches regarding bacterial contamination of blood components to aid in preparing practitioners of hematology and transfusion medicine in understanding the background and clinical relevance of this clinically important issue and in considering the approaches currently available for its mitigation, as well as their implementation.In this chapter, Drs. Hillyer and Josephson review the background and significance of bacterial contamination, as well as address the definitions, conceptions and limitations of the terms risk, safe and safety. They then describe current transfusion risks including non-infectious serious hazards of transfusion, and current and emerging viral risks. In the body of the text, Dr. Blajchman reviews the prevalence of bacterial contamination in cellular blood components in detail with current references to a variety of important studies. He then describes the signs and symptoms of transfusion-associated sepsis and the sources of the bacterial contamination for cellular blood products including donor bacteremia, and contamination during whole blood collection and of the collection pack. This is followed by strategies to decrease the transfusion-associated morbidity/mortality risk of contaminated cellular blood products 576American Society of Hematology including improving donor skin disinfection, removal of first aliquot of donor blood, pretransfusion detection of bacteria, reducing recipient exposure, and pathogen reduction/inactivation. In the final sections, Drs. Vostal, Epstein and Goodman describe the regulations and regulatory approaches critical to the appropriate implementation of a bacterial contamination screening and limitation program including their and/or the FDA's input on prevention of bacterial contamination, bacterial proliferation, and detection of bacteria in transfusion products. This is followed by a discussion of sampling strategy for detection of bacteria in a transfusion product, as well as the current approval process for bacterial detection devices, trials recommended under "actual clinical use" conditions, pathogen reduction ...

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“…Furthermore, febrile blood transfusion reactions due to Y. enterocolitica occur at the rate of 1 per 65,000 transfusions, reflecting the high number of blood donors with occult bacteremia. These infections occur despite implementation of guidelines to prevent yersiniosis arising from transfused blood (28). Salmonellosis also occurs at relatively high rates in New Zealand.…”

Section: Enteric Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%