Transient electrolyser response in a renewable-regenerative energy system

Transient operation of a solid oxide electrolysis cell

“…During this test, the measured voltage increased logarithmically, corresponding to a degradation rate of 21 mV/1000 h over the entire experiment duration, and 10 mV/1000 h on the quasi linear part after 5000 cycles [9]. This result leads to an expected lifetime of 2.5 years, assuming a maximum cell voltage of 2 V. Therefore, voltage thresholds are necessary for variable operation to have no impact on the degradation [10]. An alkaline electrolyser cell cannot operate above 2 V (excess heat management problems) and below 1.3 V (H 2 and O 2 gases cross-over with risk of explosion) [11], which implies cell purging for shut-down.…”

Integrating Fuel Cell/Electrolyzer/Ultracapacitor System Into a Stand-Alone Microhydro Plant

“…Hence, the maximum current ramp rate is limited. Similarly for an ELZ, the fast transient current causes the unwanted pressure deviation affecting undesirably in efficiency of H 2 production and its life [35]. Fig.…”

Method for size optimisation of large wind–hydrogen systems with high penetration on power grids

“…The total surplus of wind energy includes the energy effectively fed into the electrolyser and the two fractions that cannot be used for hydrogen production: the power exceeding the electrolyserrated power and the power lower than the electrolyser idling power (assumed equal to 20% of the stack-rated power) [19,20].…”