Transient existence of crystalline lithium disulfide Li2S2 in a lithium-sulfur battery

Paolella, Andrea; Zhu, Wen; Marceau, Hugues; Kim, Chisu; Feng, Zimin; Dongqiang, Liu; Gagnon, Catherine; Trottier, Julie; Guerfi, Abdelbast; Hovington, Pierre; Vijh, Ashok K.; Demopoulos, George P.; Armand, Michel; Zaghib, Karim

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.06.086

Cited by 65 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It was shown that crystalline Li 2 S is initially formed during discharge process although the final products of the reduction are a mixture of Li 2 S 2 /Li 2 S derived from Li 2 S 4 , where 24% of S 4 2− is involved in the formation of Li 2 S whereas another 72% is assumed to be converted into Li 2 S 2 . Paolella et al employed in situ XRD approach to verify the transient existence of crystalline Li 2 S using a “solvent in salt” approach . Contrary to what is generally accepted, namely that Li 2 S 2 is one of the end products of the discharge process, the authors claimed that Li 2 S 2 is one of major active species involved in the reaction, deriving from the disproportionation reaction of higher order polysulfides.…”

Section: Up‐to‐date Characterization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Understanding of Lithium–Sulfur Battery Technology

Bai

Gulzar

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

316

233

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are regarded as a new kind of energy storage device due to their remarkable theoretical energy density. However, some issues, such as the low conductivity and the large volume variation of sulfur, as well as the formation of polysulfides during cycling, are yet to be addressed before LSBs can become an actual reality. Here, presented is a comprehensive overview illustrating the techniques capable of mitigating these undesirable problems together with the electrochemical performances associated to the different proposed solutions. In particular, the analysis is organized by separately addressing cathode, anode, separator, and electrolyte. Furthermore, to better understand the chemistry and failure mechanisms of LSBs, important characterization techniques applied to energy storage systems are reviewed. Similarly, considerations on the theoretical approaches used in the energy storage field are provided, as they can become the key tool for the design of the next generation LSBs. Afterward, the state of the art of LSBs technology is presented from a geopolitical perspective by comparing the results achieved in this field by the main world actors, namely Asia, North America, and Europe. Finally, this review is concluded with the application status of LSBs technology, and its prospects are offered.nonrenewable sources depletion and environment pollution (global warming and air/water quality). In particular, the abundant use of fossil fuels (especially coal and oil) is origin of many medical problems all over the world resulting in a constant rising of health-care national systems expenses. In this regard, especially solar and wind based energy sources, have been demonstrated to represent a valid alternative to fossil fuels. However, their energy instability related to a nonconstant presence of sun/wind, determines an intermittent energy production which severely jeopardize a stable and reliable energy supply to the grid. In order to mitigate and possibly even to completely solve this issue, a feasible solution is to couple solar/wind energy generators with energy storage devices. The presence of these systems would indeed allow the release of the produced energy into the grid at the right time, therefore avoiding any instability or even grid failure. Among the available energy storage devices, secondary batteries represent surely a valid choice owing to the abundant research in this field and to the number of applications already exploiting batteries as the main energy source. In this regard, here we recall lead-acid, nickel-cadmium and His work mainly aims in modeling and experimentally validating complex systems at the micro/nanoscale with strong emphasis on the final device. In particular, his research themes focus on the integration of different physics (i.e., interdisciplinary) such as photonics, heat diffusion, electric charge/mass diffusion, and mechanicaldeformation toward the development of innovative devices for energy manipulation (harvesting and storage).nitrogen element coul...

show abstract

Section: Up‐to‐date Characterization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Understanding of Lithium–Sulfur Battery Technology

Bai

Gulzar

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

316

233

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lithium-sulfur batteries have a high theoretical capacity of 1,675 mAhg −1 and utilize low-cost materials. The discharge mechanism of the sulfur electrode is a complex and controversial issue, which was investigated by various in situ techniques (Nelson et al, 2012;Cañas et al, 2013;Cui et al, 2013;Cuisinier et al, 2013;Hagen et al, 2013;Patel et al, 2013;Gorlin et al, 2015;Marceau et al, 2016;Paolella et al, 2016). These studies indicate that elemental sulfur discharge is a multi-step process involving different intermediate species that are sensitive to the electrolyte and the operating conditions.…”

Section: Sulfur Cathodementioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Operando X-ray Diffraction and Raman Spectroscopies in Elucidating the Behavior of Cathode in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Zhu

Liu²,

Paolella³

et al. 2018

Front. Energy Res.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the advances in characterization techniques, various operando/in-situ methods were applied in studying rechargeable batteries in order to improve the electrochemical properties of electrode materials, prolonging the battery life and developing new battery materials. In the present review, we focus on the characterization of electrode materials with operando/in-situ X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopies. By correlating the results obtained via these two techniques in different electrode chemistry: (a) intercalation materials, such as layered metal oxides and (b) conversion materials, such as elemental sulfur. We demonstrate the importance of using operando/in-situ techniques in examining the microstructural changes of the electrodes under various operating conditions, in both macro and micro-scales. These techniques also reveal the working and the degradation mechanisms of the electrodes and the possible side reactions involved. The comprehension of these mechanisms is fundamental for ameliorating the electrode materials, enhancing the battery performance and lengthening its cycling life.Keywords: operando/in-situ XRD, operando/in-situ Raman, lithium-sulfur, layered metal oxide, LiFePO 4 , spinel oxide Frontiers in Energy Research | www.frontiersin.org

show abstract

“…Later, this proposition was confirmed by DFT calculations and 7 Li in situ NMR spectroscopy . To date, the only direct evidence of Li 2 S 2 formation has been derived by Paollela by using in situ laboratory XRD. However, this research was conducted under extreme electrolyte conditions (viz., 7 m LiTFSI), indicating Li 2 S 2 formation occurred by chemical disproportionation.…”

Section: Summary and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…It has been widely applied to determine the phase composition and crystallinity of crystalline materials in the battery‐research field . In situ laboratory XRD characterization of LSBs has focused on understanding the intermediate LPS phases that form during battery discharging and charging, for example, Li 2 S and Li 2 S 2 formation, sulfur reduction (during discharging), oxidation (during charging), and S recrystallization …”

Section: Technique Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to the formation of Li 2 S 2 , Paolella et al observed the formation of crystalline Li 2 S 2 in an LSB system (60 wt% sulfur, 2.2 mg cm −2 sulfur loading) in an electrolyte (7 m LiTFSI in 1:1 DME:DOL) using in situ laboratory XRD. The authors report Li 2 S 2 appearing near the end of the first charge or at the beginning of the second discharge phase.…”

Section: Technique Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

In Situ Techniques for Developing Robust Li–S Batteries

Amirzadeh

Tan

et al. 2018

Small Methods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rechargeable lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) are of great interest in the field of energy storage due to their favorable operational characteristics, for example, high theoretical energy density and low cost. However, LSBs are limited by long‐term degradation, caused by the dissolution of intermediate lithium polysulfide phases. Further improvement of LSBs requires an in‐depth understanding of the underlying redox reactions and active‐material degradation mechanisms. Advanced characterization techniques, especially in situ/in operando characterization tools, are used and developed in the field of LSBs to probe the rate‐limiting performance and design characteristics of functional materials. Here, common in situ/in operando techniques are reviewed with regard to recent research significance and practical limitations, with the aim of providing a comprehensive treatise on in situ characterization technique selection for LSBs, thereby allowing their future development and improvement.

show abstract

Transient existence of crystalline lithium disulfide Li2S2 in a lithium-sulfur battery

Cited by 65 publications

References 49 publications

A Comprehensive Understanding of Lithium–Sulfur Battery Technology

A Comprehensive Understanding of Lithium–Sulfur Battery Technology

Application of Operando X-ray Diffraction and Raman Spectroscopies in Elucidating the Behavior of Cathode in Lithium-Ion Batteries

In Situ Techniques for Developing Robust Li–S Batteries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About