Transient virus infection and multiple sclerosis

Atkins, Gregory J.; McQuaid, Stephen; Morris-Downes, M.; Galbraith, Sareen E.; Amor, Sandra; Cosby, S. L.; Sheahan, B. J.

doi:10.1002/1099-1654(200009/10)10:5<291::aid-rmv278>3.0.co;2-u

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…If MS is due to an autoimmune attack on oligodendrocytes, it might be initiated by a transient viral infection of those cells. While no single virus has consistently been associated with MS (Atkins et al,2000), morbilliviruses such as measles and/or other viruses that sometimes infect oligodendrocytes have been associated with the disease (Sips et al,2007). Viral diseases are particularly difficult to study and interpret in humans.…”

Section: Indirect Effects Activation Of An Immune Response Against Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Infection Leading to Brain Dysfunction: More Prevalent Than Appreciated?

Pol

2009

Neuron

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Section: Indirect Effects Activation Of An Immune Response Against Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Infection Leading to Brain Dysfunction: More Prevalent Than Appreciated?

Pol

2009

Neuron

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“…CDV is a recognised animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS) in human beings (Appel and Gillespie 1972, Dal Canto and Rabinowitz 1982). The cause of MS is unknown; an infectious agent is suspected which induces immune‐mediated demyelination (Atkins and others 2000, Scarisbrick and Rodriguez 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging findings in acute canine distemper virus infection

Bathen-Noethen

Stein

Puff

et al. 2008

J of Small Animal Practice

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Demyelination is the prominent histopathological hallmark in the acute stage of canine distemper virus infection. Magnetic resonance imaging is an important diagnostic tool in human beings to determine demyelination in the brain, for example in multiple sclerosis. Five young dogs with clinically suspected canine distemper virus infection were subjected to magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. Hyperintense lesions and loss of contrast between grey and white matter were detected in T2-weighted images in the cerebellum and/or in the brainstem of three dogs, which correlated with demyelination demonstrated in histopathological examination. Furthermore, increased signal intensities in T2-weighted images were seen in the temporal lobe of four dogs with no evidence of demyelination. Magnetic resonance imaging seems to be a sensitive tool for the visualisation of in vivo myelination defects in dogs with acute canine distemper virus infection. Postictal oedema and accumulation of antigen positive cells have to be considered an important differential diagnosis.

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“…8 Some viruses that cause URIs can also occasionally invade the central nervous system (CNS) and cause disease, including influenza A and B, coronaviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and adenoviruses. 9 The geographic distribution and apparent outbreaks of MS are consistent with a viral trigger for this disease. 10 We performed an observational cohort study of RRMS patients in an attempt to determine the viral causes of their URIs and to examine the possible association of particular viruses with MS attacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple sclerosis attacks are associated with picornavirus infections

Kriesel¹,

White

Hayden

et al. 2004

Mult Scler

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, which often follows a relapsing-remitting (RR) course with discrete attacks. MS attacks have been associated with upper respiratory infections (URIs), but the specific viruses responsible have not been identified. We studied a cohort of 16 RRMS patients experiencing URI and followed them for clinically identifiable attacks. The viral causes of 21 separate URIs were investigated using culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of nasal swab specimens, and by serology. Sibleys 'at-risk' period for MS attacks, beginning two weeks before and continuing for five weeks after a URI, was used for the analysis. Seven of the nine (78%) URIs due to picornaviruses were associated with an MS attack during the at-risk period. By contrast, only two of 12 (17%) picornavirus-negative URIs were associated with an MS attack (P = 0.01). The possible role of picornaviruses in the pathogenesis of MS deserves further study.

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Transient virus infection and multiple sclerosis

Cited by 31 publications

References 95 publications

Viral Infection Leading to Brain Dysfunction: More Prevalent Than Appreciated?

Viral Infection Leading to Brain Dysfunction: More Prevalent Than Appreciated?

Magnetic resonance imaging findings in acute canine distemper virus infection

Multiple sclerosis attacks are associated with picornavirus infections

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