Transitions in Drug Use in a New Generation of Problem Drug Users in Amsterdam: a 6-Year Follow-Up Study

Buster, Marcel; Witteveen, Ewald; Prins, Maria; Ameijden, E. J. C. Van; Schippers, Gerard M.; Krol, Anneke

doi:10.1159/000228928

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…3,10 In the present study, reported use of other substances, both ever in life and in the previous year, confi rmed this tendency, even though we were unable to clearly establish how these associations operate or their meaning.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…Notwithstanding, long-term follow-up studies of the consequences of crack cocaine use are still scarce. 3,7 A topic of interest in recent years has been the longevity of crack cocaine use among treated and nontreated users, especially given its intensity, recurrence, and, in many cases, persistence. 13 These studies indicate that the use of crack cocaine is no longer an essentially short-term practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolução do consumo de crack em coorte com histórico de tratamento

Dias

Ribeiro²,

Laranjeira

2011

Rev. Saúde Pública

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OBJECTIVE:To analyze the evolution of drug use among treated crack cocaine users. METHODS:A cohort originally comprising 131 crack addicts admitted to a detoxifi cation unit in the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, between 1992 and 1994 were followed up on three occasions: 1995-96, 1998-99, and 2005-06. Variables investigated included demographical data, risky sexual behaviors, intake patterns for crack and other substances, incarceration, disappearance, and death. Statistical analysis was carried out using chi-square tests, multinomial logistic regression and Cox regression. RESULTS:Among the patients evaluated, 43 were crack-free (12 months or longer), 22 were users, 13 were imprisoned, two were missing, and 27 were deceased. Three groups with distinct post-discharge drug use patterns were identifi ed. Safe sexual behavior (condom use) was correlated with stable abstinence (p=0.001). Positive HIV test upon admission (p=0.046), use of snorted cocaine in the last year (p=0.001), and lifetime use of snorted cocaine (132 months or longer) (p=0.000) were associated with long term use of crack cocaine. History of intravenous cocaine use increased the probability of death at 12 years by 2.5 fold (p=0.031) (95%CI: 1.08; 5.79). CONCLUSIONS:Recurrence and persistence of crack use in the years following discharge refl ect new modalities of drug use. On the other hand, stable abstinence patterns provide evidence of the feasibility of recovery from crack addiction.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolução do consumo de crack em coorte com histórico de tratamento

Dias

Ribeiro²,

Laranjeira

2011

Rev. Saúde Pública

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“…The pattern of compulsive use of crack and of other drugs might be defined as the daily intake, during up to nine consecutive days, and that generally only ends when the user reaches the physical, mental or financial exhaustion The use of multiple drugs associated with crack, characteristic often observed among crack users 19 , can hinder the suitable identification of disorders resulting from the use of existing substances, thus serving as a confounding factor in relation to the interference of a certain substance on health, in addition to hampering the treatment adherence and its respective success.…”

Section: Didn't Kept Control Of Myself I Started Smoking 'Mesclado' mentioning

confidence: 99%

Motivations for the treatment of crack users in a therapeutic community

Seleghim

Meschial

Martins

et al. 2015

R. pesq. cuid. fundam. online

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Objective: To know the motivation of crack users for the treatment in internment environments. Method: This is a descriptive and qualitative research, which delineates a series of cases. 20 crack users of the male gender were interviewed, aged equal or over 18 years old, who were admitted in a Therapeutic Community in the South region of Brazil. A semi-structured interview script was used and the data were analyzed by means of thematic content analysis. Results: Three categories that reflect the motivations for treatment were found: "Perceiving the harmful consequences of the crack", "The compulsive use of drugs as a triggering factor of the treatment" and "Family participation in the search for treatment". Conclusion: Significant events (turning points) favored the cessation of the crack use and the family assumed a very important role in the behavior of individuals in relation to the exclusivity with the drug

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“…Another, much smaller, figure was cited by Langendam et al [34] , who found a one-year cessation rate of 4.1 per 100 person-years, varying with calendar time. In a 6-year follow-up study of problem drug users in Amsterdam, the transition to abstinence or nonfrequent drug use was 23 per 100 person-years [35] . An 8-year follow-up study of young injection drug users from San Francisco reported an injection cessation rate of 16.4 per 100 person-years [36] .…”

Section: Entry To Hard Drug Usementioning

confidence: 99%

A Method to Estimate Total Entry to Hard Drug Use: The Case of Intravenous Drug Use in Norway

Amundsen¹,

Bretteville-Jensen²,

Kraus

2011

Eur Addict Res

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Background/Aims: Epidemiological measures such as the prevalence and incidence of hard drug use are important tools for evaluating drug situations and drug policies. Models for drug use trajectories illustrate how temporary and lasting cessation of and relapse into hard drug use are other important elements in the overall picture of change in hard drug use over time. Estimating the total entry to hard drug use broadens the knowledge of the change in such use. Methods: The entry rate for hard drug use is defined as the sum of incident cases and relapses and estimated based on successive prevalence estimates and cessation rates. Results: The entry rate, as applied to the Norwegian case of intravenous drug use, increased from the mid-1980s to a peak in 2000, decreased up to 2003 and stabilized thereafter. The peak in Oslo appeared earlier (1998). The estimated level of the entry rate is sensitive to the rate of cessation. Conclusion: We conclude that it is possible to expand the description of hard drug use epidemics beyond estimates of prevalence and incidence. The entry rate supplies a useful tool for our understanding of drug situations and decision making regarding drug policies.

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Transitions in Drug Use in a New Generation of Problem Drug Users in Amsterdam: a 6-Year Follow-Up Study

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Evolução do consumo de crack em coorte com histórico de tratamento

Evolução do consumo de crack em coorte com histórico de tratamento

Motivations for the treatment of crack users in a therapeutic community

A Method to Estimate Total Entry to Hard Drug Use: The Case of Intravenous Drug Use in Norway

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