Transitions in metabolic and immune systems from pre-menopause to post-menopause: implications for age-associated neurodegenerative diseases

Wang, Yiwei; Mishra, Aarti; Brinton, Roberta Dı́az

doi:10.12688/f1000research.21599.1

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 200 publications

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“…Yet another key factor is timing and duration of estrogen use. Review of multiple prior animal studies suggested a critical window of time in which estrogen use may be beneficial for preserving brain structure and function (Daniel, 2013) (Wang, Mishra, & Brinton, 2020). We were unable to detect a significant effect of such an interval in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…In contrast, if too much time has elapsed from endogenous estrogen production and exogenous administration, no beneficial effect of estrogen on the brain was observed. Uncertainty remains about how these intervals translate to a human population and what genetic or environmental factors may modulate any such interval (Wang, Mishra, & Brinton, 2020). We were unable to detect a significant effect of such an interval in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estrogen, brain structure, and cognition in postmenopausalwomen

Boyle

Raji

Erickson

et al. 2020

Human Brain Mapping

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Declining estrogen levels before, during, and after menopause can affect memory and risk for Alzheimer's disease. Undesirable side effects of hormone variations emphasize a role for hormone therapy (HT) where possible benefits include a delay in the onset of dementia-yet findings are inconsistent. Effects of HT may be mediated by estrogen receptors found throughout the brain. Effects may also depend on lifestyle factors, timing of use, and genetic risk. We studied the impact of self-reported HT use on brain volume in 562 elderly women (71-94 years) with mixed cognitive status while adjusting for aforementioned factors. Covariate-adjusted voxelwise linear regression analyses using a model with 16 predictors showed HT use as positively associated with regional brain volumes, regardless of cognitive status. Examinations of other factors related to menopause, oophorectomy and hysterectomy status independently yielded positive effects on brain volume when added to our model. One interaction term, HTxBMI, out of several examined, revealed significant negative association with overall brain volume, suggesting a greater reduction in brain volume than BMI alone. Our main findings relating HT to regional brain volume were as Christina P. Boyle and Cyrus A. Raji contributed equally to this work.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen, brain structure, and cognition in postmenopausalwomen

Boyle

Raji

Erickson

et al. 2020

Human Brain Mapping

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“…According to data from the US-American National Health and Nutrition Survey, women have a higher inflammation burden than men (the age range was 40–90+ years [ 15 ]). Especially postmenopausal women, like those included in the ESTHER study, have a high inflammatory burden because a decline in estrogen levels during menopause is associated with an increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α [ 14 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Insufficiency and Deficiency and Mortality from Respiratory Diseases in a Cohort of Older Adults: Potential for Limiting the Death Toll during and beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic?

2020

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The COVID-19 pandemic goes along with increased mortality from acute respiratory disease. It has been suggested that vitamin D3 supplementation might help to reduce respiratory disease mortality. We assessed the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, defined by 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) blood levels of 30–50 and <30 nmol/L, respectively, and their association with mortality from respiratory diseases during 15 years of follow-up in a cohort of 9548 adults aged 50–75 years from Saarland, Germany. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency were common (44% and 15%, respectively). Compared to those with sufficient vitamin D status, participants with vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency had strongly increased respiratory mortality, with adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 2.1 (1.3–3.2) and 3.0 (1.8–5.2) overall, 4.3 (1.3–14.4) and 8.5 (2.4–30.1) among women, and 1.9 (1.1–3.2) and 2.3 (1.1–4.4) among men. Overall, 41% (95% confidence interval: 20–58%) of respiratory disease mortality was statistically attributable to vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are common and account for a large proportion of respiratory disease mortality in older adults, supporting the hypothesis that vitamin D3 supplementation could be helpful to limit the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among women.

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“…Especially postmenopausal women, like those included in the ESTHER study, have a high inflammatory burden because a decline in estrogen level during menopause is associated with an increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, incl. interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α (12,14,15). A cytokine storm as an adverse immune response to a SARS-CoV-2 infection is currently a major hypothesis for the underlying cause of a large proportion of COVID-19 deaths (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency and mortality from respiratory diseases in a cohort of older adults: potential for limiting the death toll during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic

Brenner

Holleczek

Schoettker

2020

Preprint

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Background. The COVID-19 pandemic goes along with increased mortality from acute respiratory disease, and measures to limit the spread of the infection go along with increased risk of vitamin D deficiency, especially among high risk groups. It has been suggested that vitamin D3 supplementation might help to reduce respiratory disease mortality. Methods. We assessed the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, defined by 25(OH)D blood levels of 30-50 and <30 nmol/L, respectively, and their association with mortality from respiratory diseases during 15 years of follow-up in a cohort of 9,548 adults aged 50-75 years from Saarland, Germany. Results. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency were common (44% and 15%, respectively). Compared to sufficient vitamin D status, respiratory disease mortality was 2.1 (95%-CI 1.3-3.2)- and 3.0 (95%-CI 1.8-5.2)-fold increased, respectively. Although significant increases were seen in both women and men, they were much stronger among women, with 8.5 (95% CI 2.4-30.1) and 2.3 (95% CI 1.1-4.4)-fold increase of respiratory disease mortality in case of vitamin D deficiency among women and men, respectively (p-value for interaction =0.041). Overall, 41% (95% CI 20%-58%) of respiratory disease mortality was statistically attributable to vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Conclusion. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are common and account for a large proportion of respiratory disease mortality in older adults, supporting suggestions that vitamin D3 supplementation might make a major contribution to limit the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among women.

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Transitions in metabolic and immune systems from pre-menopause to post-menopause: implications for age-associated neurodegenerative diseases

Cited by 35 publications

References 200 publications

Estrogen, brain structure, and cognition in postmenopausalwomen

Estrogen, brain structure, and cognition in postmenopausalwomen

Vitamin D Insufficiency and Deficiency and Mortality from Respiratory Diseases in a Cohort of Older Adults: Potential for Limiting the Death Toll during and beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic?

Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency and mortality from respiratory diseases in a cohort of older adults: potential for limiting the death toll during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic

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