“…During the last few years, there have been qualitative studies including various Arabic, Chinese, Bengali, Bulgarian, Urdu, Polish, Ukrainian, Greek supplementary schools or establishments in the UK and around the world, focusing on classroom practices such as translanguaging, (e.g. Creese and Blackledge 2010;Faltzi 2011;García and Wei 2014;Hua, Wei, and Jankowicz-Pytel 2020;Liu and Fang 2020), on teacher, parent and pupil identities and perspectives towards supplementary education (e.g. Androulakis et al 2018;Archer, Francis, and Mau 2009;Creese et al 2006;Gkaintartzi, Chatzidaki, and Tsokalidou 2014;Karatsareas 2018;Kirsch 2019;Liao and Larke 2008;Panagiotopoulou, Rosen, and García 2016;Sook Lee and Oxelson 2006;Strand 2007), on language provisions and pedagogy (e.g.…”