Translation and validation of the Mind-Wandering Test for Spanish adolescents

Abstract

Background: Working memory capacity and fluent intelligence influence cognitive capacity as a predictive value of success. In line with this, one matter appears, that of mind wandering, which partly explains the variability in the results obtained from the subjects who do these tests. A recently developed measure to evaluate this phenomenon is the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ). Objective: The objective of this work was to translate into Spanish the MWQ for its use with adolescents and to validate it and to analyze its relation with these values: self-esteem, dispositional mindfulness, satisfaction with life, happiness, and positive and negative affects. Methods: A sample of 543 secondary students: 270 males (49.72%) and 273 females (50.28%) were used, who completed the questionnaire, and also did tests of self-esteem, dispositional mindfulness, satisfaction with life, happiness, and positive and negative effects. The transcultural adaptation process followed these steps: translation, back translation, evaluation of translations by a panel of judges, and testing the final version. Results: Validity analyses were done of the construct (% explained variance = 52.1), and internal consistency was high (α = .766). The coefficients of correlation with the self-esteem, MASS, satisfaction with life, happiness, and affects scales confirmed the questionnaire's validity, and a multiple regression analysis (R 2 = 34.1; model F = 24.19. p < 0.001) was run.

Croatian Translation and Validation of the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ)

“…The factorial structure of the MWQ was analyzed by a confirmatory factorial analysis. The results of the confirmatory factorial analysis indicated that the model is fitted to the data, which confirmed the one scale's dimensional structure and corresponded with both the initial questionnaire postulates (Mrazek et al, 2013) and the factorial structure seen in the original questionnaire version, as well as in the results of confirmatory factorial analysis of the questionnaire in Spanish, Chinese and Japanese (Luo et al, 2016;Kajimura & Nomura, 2016;Salavera et al, 2017). Our results point to the appropriateness of using the Croatian translation of MWQ with adolescents.…”

“…Previously, the MWQ was translated and validated in Spain (Salavera et al, 2017), China (Luo et al, 2016) and Japan (Kajimura & Nomura, 2016) and a singlefactor solution was confirmed in these studies. As there is no Croatian scale for mindwandering, translation and validation of the MWQ into the Croatian will enable the study of this phenomenon in the Croatian students.…”

“…To determine the impact of gender on mindwandering we believe we should use a sample of children in the lower and upper grades of primary school as well as children in rural and urban areas. In future studies we should also make an in-depth examination of how can mind-wandering influence performance and different subjective well-being components (subjective happiness, self-esteem, satisfaction with life), like in other studies (Kajimura & Nomura, 2016;Luo et al, 2016;Salavera et al, 2017). In addition, since numerous research opportunities are opening up in this area, we plan to include covariates in our future work, such as gender, age, place of residence etc.…”

The Mediating Role of Affects between Mind-Wandering and Happiness

“…The average age of participants was 21.97 years, and their ages ranged from 18 to 35 years, with a standard deviation of 3.91. For the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ) [32], the Spanish translation was used [33]. This is a 5-item self-report questionnaire used to measure mind-wandering-related features on a 6-point Likert scale that goes from 1 (almost never) to 6 (almost always).…”

Translating And Validating Scale Positive And Negative Experiences In Spanish Adolescents

“…Our previous experience in validating other instruments with adolescent populations (Salavera, Urcola-Pardo, Usán, & Jarie, 2017) led us to evaluate the usefulness of this scale in a population of this age group. The authors' permission was requested and obtained for this purpose.…”