Translation in the Health Professions

Sussman, Steve; Valente, Thomas W.; Rohrbach, Louise Ann; Skara, Silvana; Pentz, Mary Ann

doi:10.1177/0163278705284441

Cited by 211 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Understanding the social and psychological processes that lead to behavior change among peer interventionists and those who mimic their health advocacy efforts is essential to identifying the “core components” of these evidence-based interventions, i.e., those parts of the intervention that must be retained for the intervention to work as originally designed and tested. Issues of the proper balance between fidelity and adaptation have gained importance as researchers attempt to disseminate evidence-based interventions into service provider settings (Bausell & Sussman, 2006; Sussman, Valente, Rohrbach, Skara, & Pentz, 2006). Many have argued that fidelity to core components is essential to program success and that adaptation is acceptable as long as those core components are not affected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social psychological dynamics of enhanced HIV risk reduction among peer interventionists

Dickson‐Gómez

Weeks

Convey

et al. 2011

Journal Community Psychology

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The authors present a model of interactive social psychological and relational feedback processes leading to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk reduction behavior change among active drug users trained as Peer Health Advocates (PHAs). The model is supported by data from qualitative interviews with PHAs and members of their drug-using networks in the Risk Avoidance Partnership (RAP) project. Results suggest three mutually reinforcing social psychological processes that motivate PHAs to provide HIV prevention intervention to their peers and to reduce their own risk behaviors: development of a prosocial identity, positive social reinforcement from drug users and community members, and cognitive dissonance associated with continued risk behavior while engaging in health advocacy. These processes directly influence peer interventionists’ motivation and efficacy to continue giving intervention to their peers, and to reduce their HIV risk behaviors. The authors discuss implications of the model for continued research on effective HIV prevention in high-risk groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social psychological dynamics of enhanced HIV risk reduction among peer interventionists

Dickson‐Gómez

Weeks

Convey

et al. 2011

Journal Community Psychology

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“…[46][47][48] With practice change being a slower process for teams rather than individuals, it may have been that the dose and duration of this intervention were not substantial enough to achieve strongly significant outcomes and allow time for process adjustments. Reinforcement of the intervention was by way of resources, including access to a web page.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of asthma guidelines to West Australian community pharmacies: an exploratory, quasi-experimental study

et al. 2016

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ObjectivesPharmacy assistants are often the first point of contact for patients presenting in community pharmacies. The current role of pharmacy assistants in the supply of asthma-reliever medications (short-acting β-agonists) was identified as a barrier to appropriate guideline-based care. The aim of this research was to devise and evaluate a team-based intervention to formalise the role of pharmacy assistants and to improve asthma guideline-based care in community pharmacy.DesignA controlled pre-post intervention study was conducted in 336 metropolitan pharmacies located in Perth, Western Australia. Pharmacies were stratified into 2 groups (187 intervention and 149 control) based on known confounders for asthma control. The intervention was designed using a common-sense approach and resources developed included a checklist, videos and web page. Delivery was via workshops (25 pharmacies) or academic detailing (162 pharmacies). Pharmacy practice was assessed preintervention and postintervention via covert simulated patient methodology. Primary outcome measures included patient medical referral, device use demonstration and counselling, internal referral and/or direct involvement of a pharmacist in consultations.ResultsThere was a significant increase in patient medical referral in intervention pharmacies from 32% to 47% (p=0.0007) from preintervention to postintervention, while control pharmacies showed a non-significant decrease from 50% to 44% (p=0.22). Device counselling was not routinely carried out at any stage or in any cohort of this research and no significant changes in internal referral were observed.ConclusionsIncreases in medical referral indicate that asthma guideline compliance can be improved in community pharmacy if implementation employs a team-based approach and involves pharmacy assistants. However, results were variable and the intervention did not improve practice related to device counselling or internal referral/pharmacist involvement. Undertaking more workshops may have improved results. Guideline implementation in community pharmacy should consider the role of pharmacy assistants and how to overcome logistical barriers to pharmacy participation in implementation activities.

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“…In the health professions, the term Btranslational science^has been used to reference a multi-phased process by which research-generated knowledge directly or indirectly relevant to health outcomes serves the general public [17]. As highlighted in this special edition, one typology for translational research features five basic stages (see Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of environmental sensitivity theories in personalized prevention for youth substance abuse: a transdisciplinary translational perspective

Thibodeau

August

Cicchetti

et al. 2015

Behav. Med. Pract. Policy Res.

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Preventive interventions that target high-risk youth, via one-size-fits-all approaches, have demonstrated modest effects in reducing rates of substance use. Recently, substance use researchers have recommended personalized intervention strategies. Central to these approaches is matching preventatives to characteristics of an individual that have been shown to predict outcomes. One compelling body of literature on person × environment interactions is that of environmental sensitivity theories, including differential susceptibility theory and vantage sensitivity. Recent experimental evidence has demonstrated that environmental sensitivity (ES) factors moderate substance abuse outcomes. We propose that ES factors may augment current personalization strategies such as matching based on risk factors/severity of problem behaviors (risk severity (RS)). Specifically, individuals most sensitive to environmental influence may be those most responsive to intervention in general and thus need only a brief-type or lower-intensity program to show gains, while those least sensitive may require more comprehensive or intensive programming for optimal responsiveness. We provide an example from ongoing research to illustrate how ES factors can be incorporated into prevention trials aimed at high-risk adolescents. Keywords Substance use, Prevention, Environmental sensitivity, R i s k s e v e r i t y, D i ff e r e n t i a l s u s c e p t i b i l i t y, PersonalizationAlcohol and other drug use among adolescents is a serious public health concern in the USA. For example, by late adolescence, over 78 % of teens will have experimented with alcohol, over 47 % will be engaged in regular drinking habits, and over 14 % will have met criteria for lifetime abuse [1]. Despite herculean efforts over the previous five decades to stem the rising tide of substance use, treatment approaches (largely based on behavioral parent training and cognitive behavioral therapy principles) have been modest at best; there is considerable variability in outcomes, and no one model works similarly for all youth [2]. Even among those who experience initial success following treatment, relapse rates are high [3].

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Translation in the Health Professions

Cited by 211 publications

References 34 publications

Social psychological dynamics of enhanced HIV risk reduction among peer interventionists

Social psychological dynamics of enhanced HIV risk reduction among peer interventionists

Implementation of asthma guidelines to West Australian community pharmacies: an exploratory, quasi-experimental study

Application of environmental sensitivity theories in personalized prevention for youth substance abuse: a transdisciplinary translational perspective

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