Translation into Arabic and validation of the Patient Assessment of Care for Chronic Conditions questionnaire for diabetes

Abstract

Background: The Patient Assessment of Care for Chronic Conditions (PACIC-5As) is a questionnaire developed in English and designed to evaluate the health care experiences of people living with chronic conditions such as diabetes. Aims: This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt and validate the PACIC-5As instrument for the Arab context in a sample of Saudi Arabian people with diabetes. Methods: The PACIC-5As was translated into Arabic using a forward and backward translation process. The Arabic version was then validated with a sample of 557 Saudi Arabians with diabetes who were recruited from tertiary level diabetes centres in Riyadh between January and March 2018. In order to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Arabic version, Cronbach alphas and item correlations were determined and exploratory factor analysis was performed. Results: The translated PACIC-5As had good psychometric quality. Cronbach alpha was > 0.9 and the inter-item correlation ranged between 0.36 and 0.56. Exploratory factor analysis showed a single-factor structure. Conclusion: An Arabic version of the PACIC-5As questionnaire is now available to assess the experience of patients with diabetes. The results of this study can be used to improve the quality of the delivery of health care in Arabic-speaking countries

Patient‐centred care, diabetes self‐management and glycaemic control among Omani patients with type‐2 diabetes

“…The mean score on the PACIC instrument suggested that our sample perceived a moderate degree of patient-centredness in their care at the diabetes clinics; these scores were slightly higher than in comparable studies in Saudi Arabia (Alharbi et al, 2021) supports the proposition that providing individualized care may contribute to the self-management of chronic conditions (Rathert et al, 2012). Our findings that PCC did not have a significant relationship with either the physical activity scores (DSMQ) or with HbA1c levels are inconsistent with the results from a study in the USA (Williams et al, 2016).…”

“…The mean score on the PACIC instrument suggested that our sample perceived a moderate degree of patient‐centredness in their care at the diabetes clinics; these scores were slightly higher than in comparable studies in Saudi Arabia (Alharbi et al, 2021) and Malaysia (Abdul‐Razak et al, 2018). The relationship between PCC and DSM supports the proposition that providing individualized care may contribute to the self‐management of chronic conditions (Rathert et al, 2012).…”

“…The original English version in a sample of patients ( N = 283) with chronic illness demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (subscales ranged from 0.77 to 0.90); the Cronbach's α for the total scale was high (0.93) (Glasgow et al, 2005). The scale's internal consistency remained acceptable for an Arabic version with Saudi subjects living with diabetes (0.93) (Alharbi et al, 2021). The tool has demonstrated face, construct and concurrent validity (Glasgow et al, 2005).…”

Reform of the Health Insurance Funding Model to Improve the Care of Noncommunicable Diseases Patients in Saudi Arabia

“…Here, PACIC was selected for this study because it allows for a standardised assessment of the patient’s perspective on the current quality of healthcare services, which is essential in the evaluation of chronic care management [ 22 , 23 ]. The PACIC questionnaire has been validated and used in the Saudi context [ 24 ]. For an estimated patient population of 20,000, the sample size for estimates of PACIC scores with a 5% margin of error at 95% confidence level, was 377 (calculated using a Raosoft calculator) [ 25 ], which was simplified as a target of 400.…”

Improving Management of Non-communicable Chronic Diseases in Primary Healthcare Centres in The Saudi Health Care System

“…[12][13][14] The PACIC questionnaire has been validated and used in the Saudi context. 15,16 The PACIC can be used by health care organisations to support overall quality improvement efforts and track delivery of self-management support for patients. [17][18][19] The key elements of the CCM have been included in NCD management programmes in different healthcare organisations in different countries, such as Australia, Canada, England and the United States.…”