“…To realize continuous recognition, there are some works such as the hidden Markov model (HMM) and dynamic time warping (DTW) [14], and methods using Random Forest, artificial neural networks (ANN), and support vector machines (SVM) [15]. To realize non-continuous recognition, there are some studies, such as the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) method [16], SVM [17], and sparse Bayesian classification of feature vectors generated from motion gradient orientation images extracted from input videos [18]. To realize sign language recognition for non-continuous and non-time-series data, there are some works such as the method of k-NN [19], similarity calculation using Euclidean distance [20], cosine similarity [19][21], ANN [22], SVM [23], and convolutional neural network (CNN) [24].…”