Transmission dynamics of an insect-specific flavivirus in a naturally infected Culex pipiens laboratory colony and effects of co-infection on vector competence for West Nile virus

Bolling, Bethany G.; Olea‐Popelka, Francisco; Eisen, Lars; Moore, Chester G.; Blair, Carol D.

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2012.02.016

Cited by 218 publications

(303 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…albopictus) cells, first with CxFV and followed by WNV 48 h later, resulted in significantly reduced WNV titers in co-infected cells, compared with controls. 20 A similar study looking at WNV replication kinetics in cells co-infected with CxFV showed reduced WNV titers, but these differences were not significant. 22 More recent studies in Australia with a newly described insect-specific flavivirus, PCV, showed suppression of WNV (Kunjin strain) and Murray Valley encephalitis virus replication in cells that were persistently infected with PCV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…18 Culex flavivirus RNA was also detected in all life stages (eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults from a naturally infected laboratory colony), with viral titers estimated to be as high as 8.95 log 10 RNA copies per individual. 20 Interestingly, one study 22 reported that saliva collected from Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes co-inoculated with CxFV (Izabal strain) and WNV contained both viruses, but no CxFV was detected in the saliva from singly infected mosquitoes. This observation suggests there could be a potential "piggybacking" mechanism of CxFV with WNV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is now apparent that these viruses are widespread in nature and that many are probably maintained by vertical transmission. [16][17][18][19] Some studies also suggest that superinfection exclusion (cells infected with one virus are refractory to infection by a second related virus) may occur between some insectspecific viruses and pathogenic arboviruses, 20,21 altering the vector competence of the mosquito host. In vivo and in vitro studies investigating interactions between two insect-specific flaviviruses (Culex flavivirus [CxFV] 20, 22 and Palm Creek virus [PCV] 21 ) with West Nile virus (WNV), have shown modulation of WNV replication and dissemination in dually infected mosquitoes, suggesting that some insect-specific viruses may alter the mosquito's ability to serve as a competent vector for certain pathogenic arboviruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insect-Specific Viruses Detected in Laboratory Mosquito Colonies and Their Potential Implications for Experiments Evaluating Arbovirus Vector Competence

Bolling¹,

Vasilakis²,

Guzmán³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Recently, there has been a dramatic increase in the detection and characterization of insect-specific viruses in field-collected mosquitoes. Evidence suggests that these viruses are ubiquitous in nature and that many are maintained by vertical transmission in mosquito populations. Some studies suggest that the presence of insect-specific viruses may inhibit replication of a super-infecting arbovirus, thus altering vector competence of the mosquito host. Accordingly, we screened our laboratory mosquito colonies for insect-specific viruses. Pools of colony mosquitoes were homogenized and inoculated into cultures of Aedes albopictus (C6/36) cells. The infected cells were examined by electron microscopy and deep sequencing was performed on RNA extracts. Electron micrograph images indicated the presence of three different viruses in three of our laboratory mosquito colonies. Potential implications of these findings for vector competence studies are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insect-Specific Viruses Detected in Laboratory Mosquito Colonies and Their Potential Implications for Experiments Evaluating Arbovirus Vector Competence

Bolling¹,

Vasilakis²,

Guzmán³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Studies by Bolling et al. (2012) and Lutomiah, Mwandawiro, Magambo, and Sang (2007) demonstrated that Culex flavivirus and Kamiti river virus are maintained in Cx. pipiens and Ae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that ISF enhancement by Wolbachia may not have an effect on arboviruses (Crockett et al., 2012; Kent et al., 2010). Alternatively, it could lead to inhibition of arboviruses as was observed in the case of WNV and Murray Valley encephalitis (Bolling et al., 2012; Hobson‐Peters et al., 2013), further strengthening the pathogen blocking effect of Wolbachia . Given that ISF is common and widely distributed in Ae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wolbachia enhances insect‐specific flavivirus infection in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

Amuzu

Tsyganov

Koh

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Mosquitoes transmit a diverse group of human flaviviruses including West Nile, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika viruses. Mosquitoes are also naturally infected with insect‐specific flaviviruses (ISFs), a subgroup of the family not capable of infecting vertebrates. Although ISFs are not medically important, they are capable of altering the mosquito's susceptibility to flaviviruses and may alter host fitness. Wolbachia is an endosymbiotic bacterium of insects that when present in mosquitoes limits the replication of co‐infecting pathogens, including flaviviruses. Artificially created Wolbachia‐infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are being released into the wild in a series of trials around the globe with the hope of interrupting dengue and Zika virus transmission from mosquitoes to humans. Our work investigated the effect of Wolbachia on ISF infection in wild‐caught Ae. aegypti mosquitoes from field release zones. All field mosquitoes were screened for the presence of ISFs using general degenerate flavivirus primers and their PCR amplicons sequenced. ISFs were found to be common and widely distributed in Ae. aegypti populations. Field mosquitoes consistently had higher ISF infection rates and viral loads compared to laboratory colony material indicating that environmental conditions may modulate ISF infection in Ae. aegypti. Surprisingly, higher ISF infection rates and loads were found in Wolbachia‐infected mosquitoes compared to the Wolbachia‐free mosquitoes. Our findings demonstrate that the symbiont is capable of manipulating the mosquito virome and that Wolbachia‐mediated viral inhibition is not universal for flaviviruses. This may have implications for the Wolbachia‐based DENV control strategy if ISFs confer fitness effects or alter mosquito susceptibility to other flaviviruses.

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The Pathogen Population

Solter

Becnel²

2017

Ecology of Invertebrate Diseases

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Transmission dynamics of an insect-specific flavivirus in a naturally infected Culex pipiens laboratory colony and effects of co-infection on vector competence for West Nile virus

Cited by 218 publications

References 39 publications

Insect-Specific Viruses Detected in Laboratory Mosquito Colonies and Their Potential Implications for Experiments Evaluating Arbovirus Vector Competence

Insect-Specific Viruses Detected in Laboratory Mosquito Colonies and Their Potential Implications for Experiments Evaluating Arbovirus Vector Competence

Wolbachia enhances insect‐specific flavivirus infection in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

The Pathogen Population

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