Transmission of Dientamoeba fragilis: Evaluation of the role of Enterobius vermicularis

Girginkardeşler, Nogay; Kurt, Özgür; Kilimcioğlu, Ali Ahmet; Ok, Ülgen Z.

doi:10.1016/j.parint.2007.09.001

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The helminth vector theory is also supported by the work of Ockert (157)(158)(159), who reportedly infected himself with D. fragilis by ingesting ova of the human pinworm, Enterobius vermicularis. Yang and Scholten (74) and Girginkardesler et al (153) later reported a strong association between the incidence of E. vermicularis and D. fragilis infection, providing indirect support for the helminth vector hypothesis.…”

Section: Cysts or Pinworm?mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Dientamoeba fragilis, the Neglected Trichomonad of the Human Bowel

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYDientamoeba fragilisis a protozoan parasite of the human bowel, commonly reported throughout the world in association with gastrointestinal symptoms. Despite its initial discovery over 100 years ago, arguably, we know less about this peculiar organism than any other pathogenic or potentially pathogenic protozoan that infects humans. The details of its life cycle and mode of transmission are not completely known, and its potential as a human pathogen is debated within the scientific community. Recently, several major advances have been made with respect to this organism's life cycle and molecular biology. While many questions remain unanswered, these and other recent advances have given rise to some intriguing new leads, which will pave the way for future research. This review encompasses a large body of knowledge generated on various aspects ofD. fragilisover the last century, together with an update on the most recent developments. This includes an update on the latest diagnostic techniques and treatments, the clinical aspects of dientamoebiasis, the development of an animal model, the description of aD. fragiliscyst stage, and the sequencing of the firstD. fragilistranscriptome.

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Section: Cysts or Pinworm?mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Several reports implicate the human pinworm, Enterobius vermicularis, as a probable vector of D. fragilis transmission (72,(153)(154)(155). This is not an unreasonable hypothesis based on the evidence at hand.…”

Section: Clinical Aspects and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dientamoeba fragilis, the Neglected Trichomonad of the Human Bowel

et al. 2016

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“…Unlike the case for other protozoa, a cyst stage has not been demonstrated, and trophozoites degenerate within hours of being passed in stool (26,(391)(392)(393). Although the mode of transmission remains unknown, based on high rates of coinfection with Enterobius vermicularis, it was suggested previously that infection occurs via the pinworm vector (25,153,191). Recent studies have discounted this idea (229).…”

Section: Dientamoeba Fragilismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatment is recommended in symptomatic patients and asymptomatic family members to prevent reinfection (153,444). Various antimicrobial therapies have resulted in the successful clearance of D. fragilis and total resolution of gastrointestinal symptoms in infected patients (152,387,445).…”

Section: Dientamoeba Fragilismentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

et al. 2012

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SUMMARY Several enteric protozoa cause severe morbidity and mortality in both humans and animals worldwide. In developed settings, enteric protozoa are often ignored as a cause of diarrheal illness due to better hygiene conditions, and as such, very little effort is used toward laboratory diagnosis. Although these protozoa contribute to the high burden of infectious diseases, estimates of their true prevalence are sometimes affected by the lack of sensitive diagnostic techniques to detect them in clinical and environmental specimens. Despite recent advances in the epidemiology, molecular biology, and treatment of protozoan illnesses, gaps in knowledge still exist, requiring further research. There is evidence that climate-related changes will contribute to their burden due to displacement of ecosystems and human and animal populations, increases in atmospheric temperature, flooding and other environmental conditions suitable for transmission, and the need for the reuse of alternative water sources to meet growing population needs. This review discusses the common enteric protozoa from a public health perspective, highlighting their epidemiology, modes of transmission, prevention, and control. It also discusses the potential impact of climate changes on their epidemiology and the issues surrounding waterborne transmission and suggests a multidisciplinary approach to their prevention and control.

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“…In rare cases, enterobiasis has led to serious consequences such as acute or chronic appendicitis, eosinophilic colitis, intestinal obstruction, intestinal perforation, leukocytosis, bandemia, carcinoma, Crohn's disease, salpingitis, weight loss, urinary tract infection, and ectopic infections 2 . In addition, E. vermicularis might act as the vector of Dientamoeba fragilis, a frequently seen but rarely diagnosed protozoon as a neglected cause of diarrhea 10 . Nevertheless, enterobiasis control in Taipei City has gained excellent achievement that may be attributed not only to the infected children and family members who take medication simultaneously but also to some preventive measures like exposing clothes to sunlight, as this could help block pinworm transmission.…”

Section: Conflict Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterobius vermicularis infection is well controlled among preschool children in nurseries of Taipei City, Taiwan

Chu¹,

Liao²,

Nara

et al. 2012

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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INTRODUCTION: Whether Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) infections among preschool children in Taipei City had truly declined was investigated. METHODS: A total of 6,661 preschool children from 28 nurseries were randomly selected from 4 major geographic districts in Taipei City to examine the status of pinworm infection by using adhesive thin cellophane tape swab method. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of pinworm infection was 0.5% (30/6,661). Boys (0.6%; 21/3,524) had higher prevalence than girls (0.3%; 9/3,137) (p=0.06). Southern district (0.6%; 10/1,789) showed insignificantly higher prevalence than Western district (0.2%; 1/606) (p=0.22). CONCLUSIONS: Pinworm screening program remains necessary for some parts of Taipei City.

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Transmission of Dientamoeba fragilis: Evaluation of the role of Enterobius vermicularis

Cited by 45 publications

References 14 publications

Dientamoeba fragilis, the Neglected Trichomonad of the Human Bowel

Dientamoeba fragilis, the Neglected Trichomonad of the Human Bowel

Enteric Protozoa in the Developed World: a Public Health Perspective

Enterobius vermicularis infection is well controlled among preschool children in nurseries of Taipei City, Taiwan

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