Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus from Monocytes to Epithelia

Bourinbaiar, Aldar S.; Phillips, David M.

doi:10.1097/00126334-199101000-00008

Cited by 101 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…Other pathways route the vesicles to lysosomes, the Golgi complex, and eventually the abluminal surface of the endothelial cell. HIV-1 has a major advantage in some of these pathways in that it is not degraded in lysosomes (14). This work shows that at least some of the pathways for endocytosed HIV-1 are transcytotic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

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Transport of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Pseudoviruses across the Blood-Brain Barrier: Role of Envelope Proteins and Adsorptive Endocytosis

Banks

Freed

Wolf

et al. 2001

J Virol

125

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Blood-borne human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to induce brain dysfunction. How HIV-1 crosses the BBB is unclear. Most work has focused on the ability of infected immune cells to cross the BBB, with less attention devoted to the study of free virus. Since the HIV-1 coat glycoprotein gp120 can cross the BBB, we postulated that gp120 might be key in determining whether free virus can cross the BBB. We used radioactive virions which do (Env ؉ ) or do not (Env ؊ ) bear the envelope proteins to characterize the ability of HIV-1 to be taken up by the murine BBB. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that the envelope proteins are key to the uptake of free virus and that uptake was enhanced by wheat germ agglutinin, strongly suggesting that the envelope proteins induce viral adsorptive endocytosis and transcytosis in brain endothelia. Capillary depletion showed that Env ؉ virus completely crossed the vascular BBB to enter the parenchyma of the brain. Virus also entered the cerebrospinal fluid, suggesting passage across the choroid plexus as well. About 0.22% of the intravenously injected dose was taken up per g of brain. In vitro studies showed that postinternalization membrane cohesion (membrane binding not reversed with acid wash or cell lysis) was a regulated event. Intact virus was recovered from the brain endothelial cytosol and was effluxed from the endothelial cells. These results show that free HIV-1 can cross the BBB by an event related to adsorptive endocytosis and mediated by the envelope proteins.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Such binding could be the first step in diapedesis, the passage of immune cells across the BBB (44). This close proximity could also facilitate the passage of virus between the infected immune cell and the brain endothelial cell, analogous to the transfer of virus between infected immune cells and epithelial cells (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Pseudoviruses across the Blood-Brain Barrier: Role of Envelope Proteins and Adsorptive Endocytosis

Banks

Freed

Wolf

et al. 2001

J Virol

125

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show abstract

“…By analogy with studies on DCs, macrophages may likewise release HIV from the CD81/CD9/ CD53-containing VCCs when they encounter T cells (Sharova et al, 2005). For HIV, virological synapses have been described for conjugates between DCs and T cells or between infected and uninfected T cells (Piguet and Sattentau, 2004), and macrophages have been shown to release HIV particles onto epithelial cells (Bourinbaiar and Phillips, 1991) or peripheral blood lymphocytes (Carr et al, 1999) in a directed manner. The CD81/CD9/CD53 compartment may function in the formation or activity of immunological synapses, and it is these properties that are exploited by HIV to facilitate cell-cell transfer through virological synapses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

In macrophages, HIV-1 assembles into an intracellular plasma membrane domain containing the tetraspanins CD81, CD9, and CD53

Deneka¹,

Pelchen–Matthews²,

Byland³

et al. 2007

J Exp Med

101

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“…Studies of HIV-infected CD4 ϩ T-cell lines in contact with each other revealed highly polarized expression of viral antigens, virus budding, and particles on the cell surface between microvilli at cell junctions (18,26,62). When placed in contact with epithelial cells, HIVinfected monocytes (8,67) and T lymphocytes (66,84) displayed numerous virus particles on microvillar structures that interdigitated between epithelial cell microvilli (Fig. 1B).…”

Section: Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%