Transmit/receive 3–20 GHz 1.2 mW packaged double-pole-16-throw switching matrix for radar-based target detection

Abstract

A 3-20 GHz transmit/receive (T/R) double-pole-16-throw (DP16T) switching matrix has been developed on a printed circuit board (PCB) to control sixteen antennas in a radar-based portable breast-cancer detection system. The DP16T switch consists of four 65 nm CMOS 0.01-20 GHz doublepole-four-throw (DP4T) switches. The proposed switch increase the number of T/R combinations to 224 from the 196 of a conventional switching matrix in order to construct high-resolution images. Using this switch and a 4 ' 4 slot antenna array, a 10 ' 10 mm 2 aluminum target was detected with an 8-GHz-center-frequency Gaussian monocycle pulse. The power consumption of the switch is only 1.2 mW. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first T/R radio frequency (RF) DP16T switching matrix, which was realized with four CMOS DP4T switches on a PCB and was measured with RF PCB connectors.

An Overview of Microwave Imaging for Breast Tumor Detection

“…Second, the device also detected a micro-invasive carcinoma with an invasive tumor size of 0.5 mm. The SP8T switch [182] used in the above study was first upgraded to DP4T switch in 2018 and later to a DP8T switch in 2019 with improved insertion loss, bandwidth, and isolation [183,184]. The research team also developed a Gaussian monocycle pulse generator calibration circuitry to enhance the detection accuracy [185].…”

A 2‐ to 12‐GHz 65‐nm transmit/receive CMOS DP8T switching matrix for ultra‐wideband antenna arrays

“…To date, CMOS‐integrated single‐pole–double‐throw (SPDT), single‐pole–four‐throw (SP4T), and double‐pole–four‐throw (DP4T) switches have been reported in the previous studies . Shin et al and Choi et al reported 4 × 4 crossbar and beam‐forming Butler switches, respectively.…”