Transnationalism, the State, and the Extraterritorial Citizen

Smith, Michael Peter

doi:10.1177/0032329203256957

Cited by 91 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…If municipalities of highest and longest migration tradition are not among the poorest ones, as it is the case in Mexico, the program will be unlikely to reduce poverty due to a self-selection bias. Secondly, the 3x1 Program for Migrants was launched at the federal level under a PAN administration led by Vicente Fox, who previously served as the governor of the high migration state of Guanajuato (Smith 2003). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective Remittances and the State: The 3×1 Program in Mexican Municipalities

Aparicio

Meseguer

2012

World Development

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The Mexican 3x1 Program for Migrants is a matching fund scheme that seeks to direct the money sent by hometown associations abroad (collective remittances) to productive uses. The federal, state and municipal governments contribute to the program multiplying by three the contributions sent by migrants abroad. Using municipal level data on program participation for the period 2002-2006, we evaluate the program's capacity to target the poorest municipalities. Since migration has a nonlinear relationship with poverty and marginality, a program that unconditionally responds to project initiatives from migrant organizations is bound to be regressive due to self-selection bias. Indeed, poorer municipalities are less likely to participate and they also receive lower amounts and fewer projects than relatively richer localities. Moreover, we find evidence of a partisan bias: states and municipalities ruled by the PAN are significantly more likely to participate in the program, and electoral support for the PAN is associated with more funds or projects awarded. We argue that substantial changes should be implemented for the program to be a truly progressive poverty reduction tool.Please do not cite without authors' permission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective Remittances and the State: The 3×1 Program in Mexican Municipalities

Aparicio

Meseguer

2012

World Development

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“…Building on the sporadic but increasing number of published contributions to the topic in political science, the collection encourages a dialog between two well-established but largely separate literatures: (1) work by sociologists and anthropologists on outmigration and transnationalism (see for instance Levitt 1998Levitt , 2001Portes et al 1999;Goldring 2002;Guarnizo et al 2003;Østergaard-Nielsen 2003b;Smith 2003;Fox 2005;Waldinger 2008;Waldinger et al 2008); and (2) work by political scientists on the quality of democracy and governance in new democracies (see for instance Schedler 1998;Agüero and Stark 1998;Przeworski et al 1999;Mainwaring and Welna 2003;O'Donnell 2004;Diamond and Morlino 2005;Hagopian and Mainwaring 2005;Kitschelt and Wilkinson 2007). In the process, it contributes to a broader effort to build a coherent corpus of theoretical knowledge about the relationships between migration, remittances, and key aspects of democracy such as electoral and nonelectoral participation, political accountability, and representation.…”

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confidence: 99%

International Migration and Home Country Politics

Meseguer

Burgess

2014

St Comp Int Dev

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“…In contrast to Levitt, therefore, I argue that migrant-led development can in some cases strengthen, rather than weaken, the local state by allowing it to have a broader reach [57]. In Arbieto, the municipal government and OTBs are able to implement a variety of projects that they could otherwise not afford because of their relationships with migrants.…”

Section: "Here You Make Enough To Eat But No More": the Limits Of MImentioning

confidence: 88%

Circulating Practices: Migration and Translocal Development in Washington D.C. and Cochabamba, Bolivia

Strunk¹

2013

Sustainability

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Migrant remittances are increasingly seen as a potential form of development in the global South, but the impact of international migration on sending regions is far from straightforward. In this article, I analyze migrant communities of origin in rural Bolivia as dynamic places that are constantly reproduced through connections with other places. I document the movement of migrant practices between Washington D.C. and Cochabamba and the influence of monetary and non-monetary flows on Bolivian cultural practices, politics, and development. I demonstrate how hometown associations and returning migrants have transferred organizational practices and political ideas about development from the United States to rural Bolivia. In addition, I explore migration's role in struggles over belonging in Cochabamba, focusing on the efforts by migrants in Washington D.C. to stake their claim through transnational houses and collective remittance projects and on recent internal migration from other regions in Bolivia. Finally, I assess the sustainability of migrant-led development in Cochabamba. Although collaboration with migrants can strengthen the local state by providing more resources, it conditions the type of development that can take place and has yet to provide adequate opportunities for returning migrants or young people in rural Bolivia.

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Transnationalism, the State, and the Extraterritorial Citizen

Cited by 91 publications

References 7 publications

Collective Remittances and the State: The 3×1 Program in Mexican Municipalities

Collective Remittances and the State: The 3×1 Program in Mexican Municipalities

International Migration and Home Country Politics

Circulating Practices: Migration and Translocal Development in Washington D.C. and Cochabamba, Bolivia

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