Transparent High-Frequency Ultrasonic Transducer for Photoacoustic Microscopy Application

Chen, Ruimin; He, Yun; Shi, Junhui; Yung, C. S.; Hwang, Jeeseong; Wang, Lihong V.; Zhou, Qifa

doi:10.1109/tuffc.2020.2985369

Cited by 47 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…MRR sensors usually have a wider bandwidth than other types of US sensors [43,44,54,55]. The piezoelectricbased sensors maintain high sensitivity over a wide bandwidth [26,28,31,61]. The CMUT sensors generally have high sensitivity over a narrower bandwidth [33,34].…”

Section: Discussion and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean light transmittance of the sensors was 66% and above 70%, respectively. Chen et al developed a LN-based highfrequency sensor for PAM applications, as shown in Figure 2c [31]. Parylene thin film with an acoustic impedance of 2.5 MRayl was chosen as the matching layer material due to its transparent and colorless characteristics.…”

Section: Transparent Piezoelectric-based Us Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies on PAI with transparent US sensors were performed on imaging phantoms only. In recent years, PAI with transparent US sensors has had broader prospects in the biomedical field and has been investigated in a wide range of applications, including eye imaging, skin imaging, vasculature imaging, and small animal imaging [17,31,32]. is used for PAI.…”

Section: Pai Applications With Transparent Us Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optics-based US sensors mainly include Fabry-Perot (FP) etalons (FP) [17,18], micro-ring resonators (MRRs) [19][20][21][22], and grating-based sensors [23][24][25]. Transparent piezoelectric-based US sensors use piezoelectric materials that have sufficient optical transmittance, such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer films [26,27] and lithium niobite (LN) single crystals [28][29][30][31][32]. Transparent CMUT is a new type of optically transparent US sensors, which has a limited operating frequency (less than 20 MHz) and is expensive due to the specialized MEMS fabrication techniques [33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estimated sensitivity of transparent US sensors and their bandwidth. FP1[40], FP2[42], MRR[22], Piezo-PVDF[26], Piezo-LN1[31], Piezo-LN2[60], Piezo-PMN-PT[61], CMUT1[34], CMUT2[33].…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Review of Transparent Sensors for Photoacoustic Imaging Applications

et al. 2021

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Photoacoustic imaging is a new type of noninvasive, nonradiation imaging modality that combines the deep penetration of ultrasonic imaging and high specificity of optical imaging. Photoacoustic imaging systems employing conventional ultrasonic sensors impose certain constraints such as obstructions in the optical path, bulky sensor size, complex system configurations, difficult optical and acoustic alignment, and degradation of signal-to-noise ratio. To overcome these drawbacks, an ultrasonic sensor in the optically transparent form has been introduced, as it enables direct delivery of excitation light through the sensors. In recent years, various types of optically transparent ultrasonic sensors have been developed for photoacoustic imaging applications, including optics-based ultrasonic sensors, piezoelectric-based ultrasonic sensors, and microelectromechanical system-based capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers. In this paper, the authors review representative transparent sensors for photoacoustic imaging applications. In addition, the potential challenges and future directions of the development of transparent sensors are discussed.

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Section: Discussion and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transparent Piezoelectric-based Us Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pai Applications With Transparent Us Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estimated sensitivity of transparent US sensors and their bandwidth. FP1[40], FP2[42], MRR[22], Piezo-PVDF[26], Piezo-LN1[31], Piezo-LN2[60], Piezo-PMN-PT[61], CMUT1[34], CMUT2[33].…”

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A Review of Transparent Sensors for Photoacoustic Imaging Applications

et al. 2021

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Reversibly Photoswitching Upconversion Nanoparticles for Super‐Sensitive Photoacoustic Molecular Imaging

et al. 2022

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Photoacoustic (PA) imaging uses light excitation to generate the acoustic signal for detection and improves tissue penetration depth and spatial resolution in the clinically relevant depth of living subjects. However, strong background signals from blood and pigments have significantly compromised the sensitivity of PA imaging with exogenous contrast agents. Here we report a nanoparticle‐based probe design that uses light to reversibly modulate the PA emission to enable photoacoustic photoswitching imaging (PAPSI) in living mice. Such a nanoprobe is built with upconverting nanocrystals and photoswitchable small molecules and can be switched on by NIR light through upconversion to UV energy. Reversibly photoswitching of the nanoprobe reliably removed strong tissue background, increased the contrast‐to‐noise ratio, and thus improved imaging sensitivity. We have shown that PAPSI can image 0.05 nM of the nanoprobe in hemoglobin solutions and 104 labeled cancer cells after implantation in living mice using a commercial PA imager.

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