Transpicuous-Cum-Fouling Resistant Copolymers of 3-Sulfopropyl Methacrylate and Methyl Methacrylate for Optronics Applications in Aquatic Medium and Healthcare

Abstract

The scope of optical sensors and scanners in aquatic media, fluids, and medical diagnostics has been limited by paucity of transparent shielding materials with antifouling potential. In this research endeavor, facile synthesis, characterization, and bioassay of antifouling transparent functional copolymers are reported. Copolymers of 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate (SPMA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) were synthesized by free radical polymerization in various proportions. Samples PSM20, PSM30, PSM40, PSM50, and PSM60 contain 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60% SPMA by weight, respectively. Resultant products were characterized by FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The synthesized copolymers have exhibited excellent transparency, i.e., 75% to 88%, as determined by the UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis. Transmittance was decreased from 6% to 2% in these copolymers upon changing the concentration of 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate from 20% to 50% owing to bacterial and algal biofilm formation. Water contact angle values were ranged from 18° to 63° and decreased with the increase in the polarity of copolymers. The surface energy lowest value 58 mJ/m2 and highest value 72 mJ/m2 were calculated for PSM20 and PSM50, respectively, by the Chibowski approach and Young equation. Sample PSM50 has exhibited the highest antibacterial activities, i.e., 18 mm and 19 mm, against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, by the disk diffusion method. Copolymer PSM50 has shown minimum algal adhesion for Dictyosphaerium algae as observed by optical microscopy. This lower bacterial and algal adhesion is attributed to higher concentrations of anionic SPMA monomer that cause electrostatic repulsion between functional groups of the polymer and microorganisms. Thus, the resultant PSM50 product has exhibited good potential for optronics shielding application in aquatic medium and medical diagnostics.

Amphiphilic copolymers of dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate with controlled hydrophilicity for antialgal activity

“…At neutral pH, surface energy was calculated with the help of Chibowski equation. 34 F I G U R E 4 1 HNMR of copolymer, P(DMAEMA-co-MMA) F I G U R E 5 GPC analysis of copolymers, P(DMAEMA-co-MMA) [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Antialgal Synergistic Polystyrene Blended with Polyethylene Glycol and Silver Sulfadiazine for Healthcare Applications

“…The contact angle was measured for each composition by average three values of drops after 2 min with the help of ImageJ software. Since the surface energy of the substrate is based on the contact angle measurement of blends, therefore, the surface energy was calculated by the Chibowski equation [14].…”

“…Although these coatings had excellent fouling resistance properties against the marine bacterium Halomonas pacifica and N. incerta, the performance was less pronounced against algal species Cellulophaga lytica and U. linza [13]. In a recent study, 3sulfopropylmethacrylate was copolymerized with methyl methacrylate that only controls the adhesion of Dictyosphaerium algae but did not kill the algal cells [14]. These literature studies have indicated that the most polymeric systems could significantly inhibit bacterial species but could not be used effectively against algal species.…”

Probing the binding behavior and kinetic studies of amphiphilic acrylate copolymers with bovine serum albumin

“…Band at 3000 -3500 cm −1 was due to O-H group of DMAEMA that absorb moisture because of hydrophilic nature as shown in Figure 2. The stretching vibration at 749 cm -1 was due to -CH 2 group and -SO 3 showed asymmetric vibration of pMS1 in peak C. The peaks at 1354 cm -1 and 1145 cm -1 were showed stretching vibration of ester [17,18].…”

“…Here band appeared at 1433 cm -1 in the FTIR spectra A, of pMMA was assigned for the asymmetric bending vibration of the pMMA CH 3 group [16]. The absorbance value of 1381 cm -1 was caused by the deformation of OCH 3 of pMMA [17]. Stretching and bending of C-O-C was represented by the typical signals detected at 1265 cm -1 and 1145 cm -1 , respectively [18] .…”