Transpiration Efficiency of Grain Sorghum and Maize under Different Planting Geometries

Reddy, B. K.; Angira, Brijesh; Blaser, Brock C.; Stewart, Bob

doi:10.1080/15427528.2015.1071299

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In a greenhouse study consisting of ESP, clump, and cluster geometries, Reddy et al. (2015) found significantly different HIs of 0.48, 0.55, and 0.50, respectively, in grain sorghum and statistically similar HIs in corn. Simons, Tan, Belfield, and Martin (2008) found higher HIs in corn plants grown in skip‐rows than in ESPs.…”

Section: Benefits Of Alternative Planting Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mohammed, Blaser, and Stewart (2012) found that corn grain yields were not significantly higher for clump plantings than for ESPs, but individual kernel mass was increased in clump plantings. Reddy, Angira, Blaser, and Stewart (2015) evaluated three planting geometries—clump (3 plants clump −1 ), cluster (6 plants cluster −1 ), and ESP in corn and sorghum—in a greenhouse at Canyon, TX. The effect of planting geometry on transpiration efficiency and grain yield was not statistically significant, but there was a general trend that the clump and cluster geometries had greater transpiration efficiency and grain yield.…”

Section: Benefits Of Alternative Planting Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alternative planting geometries reduce production risk in corn and sorghum in water‐limited environments

2020

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Conserving soil water and making it available to plants, especially during reproduction and grain-filling periods, is one of the most challenging aspects of crop production in water-limited areas. In such areas, adoption of suitable planting geometry may play a key role in determining plant growth and yield. We reviewed the effect of different planting geometries, namely evenly spaced planting (ESP), clump (three plants close together), cluster (five plants close together), and skip-row (one row planted, one row skipped) in corn (Zea mays L.) and grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) in different agro-ecological environments and crop management practices. All other planting geometries are called "alternative planting geometries" in this paper. Most studies were conducted in the U.S. Southern Great Plains region, where annual precipitation is less than the potential evapotranspiration and the summer season is usually hot and dry. Results clearly showed the potential benefits of alternative planting geometries, such as reduced canopy temperature, improved microclimate within the crop canopy, less vegetative growth, comparable or greater grain yield, and higher harvest index compared with standard ESP. However, there is much to learn about the feasibility, other benefits, and risks associated with alternative planting geometries for sustainable dryland farming. More studies on weed dynamics, soil evaporation, root penetration, soil water extraction, and water use efficiency are required to complement the existing knowledge on alternative planting geometries. How to cite this article: Thapa S, Xue Q, Stewart BA. Alternative planting geometries reduce production risk in corn and sorghum in water-limited environments.

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Section: Benefits Of Alternative Planting Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Benefits Of Alternative Planting Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative planting geometries reduce production risk in corn and sorghum in water‐limited environments

2020

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“…This planting geometry research expanded into greenhouse and field studies, including producer's fields, primarily focused on grain sorghum and corn (Zea mays L.), although other grain crops were also tested. Transpiration efficiency, canopy temperature, humidity, root growth, and other physiological factors were evaluated in these studies (Bandaru et al, 2006;Reddy, Angira, Blaser, & Stewart, 2015;Thapa et al, 2018) where the majority of the results suggested the clump geometries consistently provided improved microclimates and crop yields were similar or greater than the control (equally spaced plants). Figure 1, adapted from Thapa et al (2018), diagrams some of the planting geometries that were tested.…”

Section: Research From the Institutementioning

confidence: 99%

Dr. B.A. Stewart: Creator and director of the Dryland Agriculture Institute at West Texas A&M University

Blaser

2020

Agronomy Journal

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During his 24 yr as Director of the Dryland Agriculture Institute at West Texas A&M University (WTAMU), Dr. B.A. Stewart had a significant impact on dryland research, undergraduate and graduate students from numerous countries, the faculty and staff at WTAMU, and fellow scientists throughout the soil and crop science world. His influence will continue to have an impact on dryland crop production and researchers for many generations to come.

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“…Research ranged from field-oriented basic research on crop root growth and water uptake (Xue et al, 2003) to studies of planting geometry effects on crop yield and water productivity (Bandaru et al, 2006;Stewart, 2009). In a series of field and greenhouse experiments, Stewart's students showed the effects of various planting geometries on tillering, microclimate, yield, transpiration efficiency (Reddy, Angira, Blaser, & Stewart, 2015), and water productivity of maize (Kapanigowda, Stewart, Howell, Kadasrivenkata, & Baumhardt, 2010a;Mohammed, Blaser, & Stewart, 2012;Thapa et al, 2016) and sorghum (Kapanigowda, Schneider, & Stewart, 2010b;Krishnareddy, Stewart, Payne, & Robinson, 2009;Thapa, Stewart, Xue, & Chen, 2017a, 2017b) . Stewart's long experience with Great Plains agriculture and the soil and water conservation research and applications necessary to sustain it was encapsulated in his 2010 publication on major advances in soil and water conservation in the U.S. SHP (Stewart, Baumhardt, & Evett, 2010).…”

Section: Long-range Soil and Water Conservation -And Direction Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Shifting the odds of dryland farming: The career of B.A. Stewart

Evett

Steiner

2020

Agronomy Journal

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Raised on a small dairy farm in semi-arid western Oklahoma, Dr. B.A. Stewart was involved in agricultural challenges at an early age. Attending Oklahoma A&M College in Stillwater, he became enthralled by the power of chemistry and biology to address agricultural problems. He began a soil science career, first in Stillwater and later with the then new USDA Agricultural Research Service in Fort Collins, CO. Working on nitrogen pollution from feedlots, he developed new nitrogen assay methods, became involved in environmental work, and assisted in focusing the early work of the Environmental Protection Agency. In 1963, Stewart became Director of the USDA ARS Laboratory at Bushland, TX, where he developed programs in nitrogen and phosphorus management in dryland and irrigated agriculture, became a recognized proponent of soil and water conservation, worked with the beef cattle industry, and developed programs in dryland and irrigated cropping systems, including evapotranspiration measurement and modeling. Stewart became involved internationally through his work with USAID and ICARDA, service as Editor-in-Chief for the SSSA Journal, and editing of the book series, Advances in Soil Science, from 1985 to 2018. This led to the 1988 International Conference on Dryland Farming at Bushland. The 460 participants from 52 countries and 36 states defined the challenges in research and policy to develop future successful dryland farming. In 1993, Stewart retired from USDA ARS and became the first director of the Dryland Agriculture Institute at West Texas A&M University, teaching and researching with 74 successful M.S. and Ph.D. students over 24 years. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Transpiration Efficiency of Grain Sorghum and Maize under Different Planting Geometries

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Alternative planting geometries reduce production risk in corn and sorghum in water‐limited environments

Alternative planting geometries reduce production risk in corn and sorghum in water‐limited environments

Dr. B.A. Stewart: Creator and director of the Dryland Agriculture Institute at West Texas A&M University

Shifting the odds of dryland farming: The career of B.A. Stewart

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