Transplacental Transmission of Bluetongue Virus 8 in Cattle, UK

Darpel, Karin E.; Batten, Carrie; Veronesi, Eva; Williamson, Susanna; Anderson, Peter; Dennison, M.; Clifford, Stuart; Smith, C K; Philips, Lucy; Bidewell, Cornelia; Bachanek‐Bankowska, Katarzyna; Sanders, Anna; Bin-Tarif, Abid; Wilson, Anthony J.; Gubbins, Simon; Mertens, Peter P. C.; Oura, C.A.L.; Mellor, P. S.

doi:10.3201/eid1512.090788

Cited by 60 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The BTV-8 strain from Europe, which is the same as the BTV-8 strain currently circulating in Israel, is currently considered to be unique as a field strain in its ability to cross the placenta and infect unborn calves (Darpel and others 2009). Previously it was thought that only laboratory-adapted strains of BTV, such as the live attenuated vaccine strains, were capable of transplacental transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical syndromes associated with the circulation of multiple serotypes of bluetongue virus in dairy cattle in Israel

Brenner¹,

Batten

Yadin³

et al. 2011

Veterinary Record

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From 2008 to 2011, seven distinct bluetongue virus (BTV) serotypes (BTV-2, BTV-4, BTV-5, BTV-8, BTV-15, BTV-16 and BTV-24) have been identified to be circulating in diseased sheep and cattle in Israel. This paper describes the array of clinical manifestations caused by BTV in cattle in Israel. Each set of clinical manifestations has been categorised as a syndrome and six distinct clinical syndromes have been observed in dairy cattle: 'footrot-like syndrome', 'sore nose syndrome', 'subcutaneous emphysema syndrome', 'red/rough udder syndrome', 'bluetongue/epizootic haemorrhagic disease systemic syndrome' and 'maladjustment syndrome'.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical syndromes associated with the circulation of multiple serotypes of bluetongue virus in dairy cattle in Israel

Brenner¹,

Batten

Yadin³

et al. 2011

Veterinary Record

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“…Transplacental infection with the current European strain of BTV-8 has been investigated extensively in both sheep and cattle in experimental Backx et al, 2009;van der Sluijs et al, 2011) and field studies (De Clercq et al, 2008;Darpel et al, 2009a;SantmanBerends et al, 2010;Saegerman et al, 2010) in north-western Europe. Field surveys have indicated that the virus was extremely efficient at crossing the placenta.…”

Section: Several Characteristics Of the 2006-2008 Outbreak Of Btv-8 Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplacental infection in goats experimentally infected with a European strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8

Coetzee

Stokstad

Myrmel

et al. 2013

The Veterinary Journal

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The capability of the current European strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) to cross the ruminant placenta has been established in experimental and field studies in both sheep and cattle. Sero-prevalence rates in goats in north-western Europe were high during the recent outbreak of BTV-8, however the capability of the virus to infect goats through the transplacental route has not been established. In the present study, four Saanen goats pregnant at 62 days of gestation were inoculated with the European strain of BTV-8, in order to investigate the capability of the virus to cross the caprine placenta. Infection of adult goats resulted in mild clinical signs, however gross lesions observed post mortem were more severe.

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“…Persistence in a host may be related to long viremia, to vertical transmission, or to a chronic infection phenomenon with resurgent viremia. For example, in the Culicoides /bluetongue virus system, cattle present a long viremia and the transmission of the virus from a cow to her calf is possible [5], [6]. In the Culex /Western equine encephalitis virus system, a resurgence of viremia was observed experimentally in snakes after hibernation [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Much Can Diptera-Borne Viruses Persist over Unfavourable Seasons?

et al. 2013

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Diptera are vectors of major human and animal pathogens worldwide, such as dengue, West-Nile or bluetongue viruses. In seasonal environments, vector-borne disease occurrence varies with the seasonal variations of vector abundance. We aimed at understanding how diptera-borne viruses can persist for years under seasonal climates while vectors overwinter, which should stop pathogen transmission during winter. Modeling is a relevant integrative approach for investigating the large panel of persistence mechanisms evidenced through experimental and observational studies on specific biological systems. Inter-seasonal persistence of virus may occur in hosts due to viremia duration, chronic infection, or vertical transmission, in vector resistance stages, and due to a low continuous transmission in winter. Using a generic stochastic modeling framework, we determine the parameter ranges under which virus persistence could occur via these different mechanisms. The parameter ranges vary according to the host demographic regime: for a high host population turnover, persistence increases with the mechanism parameter, whereas for a low turnover, persistence is maximal for an optimal range of parameter. Persistence in hosts due to long viremia duration in a few hosts or due to vertical transmission is an effective strategy for the virus to overwinter. Unexpectedly, a low continuous transmission during winter does not give rise to certain persistence, persistence barely occurring for a low turnover of the susceptible population. We propose a generic framework adaptable to most diptera-borne diseases. This framework allows ones to assess the plausibility of each persistence mechanism in real epidemiological situations and to compare the range of parameter values theoretically allowing persistence with the range of values determined experimentally.

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Transplacental Transmission of Bluetongue Virus 8 in Cattle, UK

Cited by 60 publications

References 11 publications

Clinical syndromes associated with the circulation of multiple serotypes of bluetongue virus in dairy cattle in Israel

Clinical syndromes associated with the circulation of multiple serotypes of bluetongue virus in dairy cattle in Israel

Transplacental infection in goats experimentally infected with a European strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8

How Much Can Diptera-Borne Viruses Persist over Unfavourable Seasons?

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