Transplacental transmission of bovine tick-borne pathogens: Frequency, co-infections and fatal neonatal anaplasmosis in a region of enzootic stability in the northeast of Brazil

Costa, Sonia Carmen Lopo; Magalhães, Vanessa Carvalho Sampaio de; Oliveira, Uillians Volkart de; Carvalho, Fábio Santos; Almeida, Clebson Pereira de; Machado, Rosangela Zacarias; Munhoz, Alexandre Dias

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.11.001

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In case reports of clinical neonatal anaplasmosis in cattle as well as in descriptions of experimentally induced neonatal anaplasmosis in cattle, hemoglobinuria or hemoglobinuric nephrosis were not mentioned. 2,7 Another notable difference between our case and cases of neonatal anaplasmosis in other species was the high percentage of infected erythrocytes. In cases of natural and experimentally induced neonatal anaplasmosis in cattle, including experiments with A. centrale, parasitized erythrocytes ranged from <1% to 43%.…”

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confidence: 53%

Anaplasma ovis as the suspected cause of mortality in a neonatal elk calf

2019

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Anaplasma ovis infection is known to occur in elk experimentally, but without clinical signs or significant clinicopathologic changes. An elk farm in southern Indiana experienced the death of 3 neonates. Gross findings suggested hemolytic anemia as the cause of death. Splenic impression smears revealed numerous intra-erythrocytic parasites compatible with Anaplasma spp. Products of a semi-nested PCR targeting the msp4 gene of A. ovis were sequenced and had 100% identity with published A. ovis sequences. Given the clinical presentation, vertical transmission of A. ovis was suspected. Pathologic and molecular findings confirmed that natural A. ovis infection occurred in an elk calf.

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confidence: 53%

Anaplasma ovis as the suspected cause of mortality in a neonatal elk calf

2019

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“…Transmission of anaplasmosis was mentioned to be mainly operated by blood sucking dipterous, iatrogenic or vertical transmission in Latin America [ 7 , 34 ]. Vertical transmission would depend on the type of strain involved but infecting until 25% of calves and sometimes causing their death [ 35 , 36 ]. On the other hand, Scoles and collaborators (2008) reported that Dermacentor andersoni was more efficient in transmitting A. marginale than horseflies.…”

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confidence: 99%

PCR-diagnosis of Anaplasma marginale in cattle populations of Ecuador and its molecular identification through sequencing of ribosomal 16S fragments

et al. 2017

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BackgroundBovine anaplasmosis is an endemic disease in tropical and subtropical areas. It is caused by a bacterium named Anaplasma marginale, and represents an economic problem for cattle farmers due to the losses it generates, such as: mortalities, reduced production, quarantine measures, treatments and control of vectors. The method most often used to diagnose this haemotrophic bacterium is direct examination on blood smear, which sensitivity and specificity are limited compared to other methods such as PCR. The present study aimed at investigating the presence of A. marginale in dairy cattle of Luz de América commune, province of Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas. Two PCRs were used to amplify specific regions of the Rickettsia for its molecular identification.ResultsAt first, 151 blood samples were tested: msp5 specific gene of A. marginale was identified in 130 samples, meaning 86.1% of them were infected by the rickettsia. Two positive samples were further randomly selected to confirm the presence of A. marginale through amplification, cloning and sequencing of the conserved region of gene 16S rRNA. The analysis of sequences obtained through cloning revealed a 100% identity between both samples and those registered in GenBank for A. marginale.ConclusionThis is the first report and molecular identification of A. marginale in the bovine population of Ecuador and its prevalence was high at the level of farms and animals. These results demonstrate the importance of proceeding to evaluate and characterize bovine Anaplasmosis in Ecuador in order to establish control measures and reduce their impact.

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“…Experimental and clinical studies have proved that infected erythrocytes move from infected cows to their offspring through placenta (Zaugg, 1985; Potgieter and Van Rensburg, 1987; Salabarria and Pino, 1988; Costa et al . 2015; Silvestre et al . 2016).…”

Section: Anaplasma Marginalementioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha proteobacteria of genusAnaplasma(Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae): Epidemiology and characteristics ofAnaplasmaspecies related to veterinary and public health importance

Atif

2016

Parasitology

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The Anaplasma species are important globally distributed tick-transmitted bacteria of veterinary and public health importance. These pathogens, cause anaplasmosis in domestic and wild animal species including humans. Rhipicephalus, Ixodes, Dermacentor and Amblyomma genera of ticks are the important vectors of Anaplasma. Acute anaplasmosis is usually diagnosed upon blood smear examination followed by antibodies and nucleic acid detection. All age groups are susceptible but prevalence increases with age. Serological cross-reactivity is one of the important issues among Anaplasma species. They co-exist and concurrent infections occur in animals and ticks in same geographic area. These are closely related bacteria and share various common attributes which should be considered while developing vaccines and diagnostic assays. Movement of susceptible animals from non-endemic to endemic regions is the major risk factor of bovine/ovine anaplasmosis and tick-borne fever. Tetracyclines are currently available drugs for clearance of infection and treatment in humans and animals. Worldwide vaccine is not yet available. Identification, elimination of reservoirs, vector control (chemical and biological), endemic stability, habitat modification, rearing of tick resistant breeds, chemotherapy and tick vaccination are major control measures of animal anaplasmosis. Identification of reservoirs and minimizing the high-risk tick exposure activities are important control strategies for human granulocytic anaplasmosis.

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Transplacental transmission of bovine tick-borne pathogens: Frequency, co-infections and fatal neonatal anaplasmosis in a region of enzootic stability in the northeast of Brazil

Cited by 36 publications

References 45 publications

Anaplasma ovis as the suspected cause of mortality in a neonatal elk calf

Anaplasma ovis as the suspected cause of mortality in a neonatal elk calf

PCR-diagnosis of Anaplasma marginale in cattle populations of Ecuador and its molecular identification through sequencing of ribosomal 16S fragments

Alpha proteobacteria of genusAnaplasma(Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae): Epidemiology and characteristics ofAnaplasmaspecies related to veterinary and public health importance

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